Bitfinex Hot Wallet Hack: Difference between revisions

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(30 minutes. Split out the information from the about section into other sections. Updated the template. Reviewed and updated all source titles. Information from announcement on the website and Twitter integrated. Updating on the variety of loss amounts reported in media. Integration of information and new sources from Kyle Gibson. Added in tweet about platform still operating.)
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{{Imported Case Study 2|source=https://www.quadrigainitiative.com/casestudy/bitfinexhotwallethack.php}}
{{Case Study Under Construction}}{{Unattributed Sources}}
{{Unattributed Sources}}


[[File:Bitfinex.jpg|thumb|BitFinex]]Bitfinex wat the largest exchange by volume at this time. It stored the vast majority of funds in proper sold storage, and a relatively small amount was in a hot wallet, which was breached.
[[File:Bitfinex.jpg|thumb|BitFinex Homepage/Logo]]Bitfinex was the largest exchange by volume at this time. It stored the vast majority of funds in proper sold storage, and a relatively small amount was in a hot wallet, which was breached.


The exchange absorbed the loss without impact to customers.
The exchange absorbed the loss without impact to customers.
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This exchange or platform is based in Hong Kong, or the incident targeted people primarily in Hong Kong.<ref name="kylegibson-86" /><ref name="bitcoinexchangeguide-218" /><ref name="bbc-15" /><ref name="cointelegraph-2238" /><ref name="cryptonews-2239" /><ref name="cryptocompare-2240" /><ref name="masterthecrypto-2241" /><ref name="wikipedia-3014" /><ref name="siliconangle-3019" /><ref name="cointelegraph-3016" /><ref name="bitfinextwitter-3017" /><ref name="bitfinexarchive-3018" /><ref name="reddit-3020" /><ref name="blockchaindotcom-3021" />
This exchange or platform is based in Hong Kong, or the incident targeted people primarily in Hong Kong.<ref name="bitcoinexchangeguide-218" /><ref name="bbc-15" /><ref name="cointelegraph-2238" /><ref name="cryptonews-2239" /><ref name="cryptocompare-2240" /><ref name="masterthecrypto-2241" /><ref name="wikipedia-3014" /><ref name="siliconangle-3019" /><ref name="cointelegraph-3016" /><ref name="reddit-3020" /><ref name="blockchaindotcom-3021" /><ref>https://bitcoinmagazine.com/articles/bitfinex-hot-wallets-hacked-1400-bitcoin-may-stolen-1432326539/</ref><ref>https://bitcoinmagazine.com/articles/warning-signs-timeline-tether-and-bitfinex-events/</ref><ref>https://www.hackread.com/bitcoin-exchange-bitfinex-hot-wallet-hacked/</ref>


== About BitFinex ==
== About BitFinex ==
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"Bitfinex also has its own utility crypto token called Unus Sed Leo (LEO). Because it restricts a number of regions, Bitfinex U.S. customers are not allowed. On Bitfinex, KYC and Anti-Money Laundering procedures are employed." "It serves all except few countries in the world (mentioned below) and supports both fiat-to-crypto and crypto-to-crypto trades. Other notable features include margin trading, limit and stop orders, over-the-counter (OTC) trades, and others. While there are many options available, everything is laid out in an impressively intuitive fashion, with easy-to-navigate dashboards and menus."
"Bitfinex also has its own utility crypto token called Unus Sed Leo (LEO). Because it restricts a number of regions, Bitfinex U.S. customers are not allowed. On Bitfinex, KYC and Anti-Money Laundering procedures are employed." "It serves all except few countries in the world (mentioned below) and supports both fiat-to-crypto and crypto-to-crypto trades. Other notable features include margin trading, limit and stop orders, over-the-counter (OTC) trades, and others. While there are many options available, everything is laid out in an impressively intuitive fashion, with easy-to-navigate dashboards and menus."
"In May 2015, 1500 bitcoins were stolen during a hack." "Bitfinex los[t] 1,500 bitcoin, worth $400,000 at the time, when its hot wallets, connected directly to the internet, are hacked." "Following the hack, Reddit user gowithbtc tracked an estimated 1474 BTC (approximately $356 thousand USD) funneled away from Bitfinex in approximately eight hours."
"Dear Customer although we keep over 99.5% of users' BTC deposits in secure multisig wallets, the small remaining amount in coins in our hot wallet are theoretically vulnerable to attack. We believe that our hot wallet keys might have been compromised and ask that all of our customer cease depositing cryptocurrency to old deposits addresses. We are in the process of creating a new hot wallet and will advise within the next few hours."
"BitFinex’s hot wallet has been compromised. The hack may have resulted in the loss of only 0.5% of the total funds." "The amount represents 0.06 percent of the company’s total holdings."
"BitFinex' Director of Community and Product Development, Zane Tackett, told Cointelegraph that "trading was not affected" and confirmed that the Bitcoin address posted in the article below does indeed belong to the culprit. He also said they have generated a new hot wallet "using a spare-machine designed especially for scenarios like this.""
"Don't deposit to old BTC addresses. New addresses are online and updates will follow soon."
"Bitfinex indicates it will absorb the losses." "Although this incident is unfortunate, its scale is small and will be fully absorbed by the company. Thanks a lot for your patience and comprehension."
This exchange or platform is based in Hong Kong, or the incident targeted people primarily in Hong Kong.
The background of the exchange platform, service, or individuals involved, as it would have been seen or understood at the time of the events.
Include:
* Known history of when and how the service was started.
* What problems does the company or service claim to solve?
* What marketing materials were used by the firm or business?
* Audits performed, and excerpts that may have been included.
* Business registration documents shown (fake or legitimate).
* How were people recruited to participate?
* Public warnings and announcements prior to the event.
Don't Include:
* Any wording which directly states or implies that the business is/was illegitimate, or that a vulnerability existed.
* Anything that wasn't reasonably knowable at the time of the event.
There could be more than one section here. If the same platform is involved with multiple incidents, then it can be linked to a main article page.


== The Reality ==
== The Reality ==
Line 55: Line 23:


== What Happened ==
== What Happened ==
The specific events of the loss and how it came about. What actually happened to cause the loss and some of the events leading up to it.
Bitfinex experienced a theft of over 1,400 bitcoins from their hot wallet in May 2015.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+Key Event Timeline - Bitfinex Hot Wallet Hack
|+Key Event Timeline - Bitfinex Hot Wallet Hack
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|Expand this into a brief description of what happened and the impact. If multiple lines are necessary, add them here.
|Expand this into a brief description of what happened and the impact. If multiple lines are necessary, add them here.
|-
|-
|
|May 22nd, 2015 5:49:00 AM MDT
|
|Twitter Post About Incident
|
|BitFinex tweets on Twitter about the breach<ref name="bitfinextwitter-3017" />. This links to their announcement on their website<ref name="bitfinexarchive-3018" /> and recommends that users do not deposit funds to previous deposit addresses<ref name="bitfinextwitter-3017" />.
|}
|}
== Technical Details ==
"Reddit user gowithbtc tracked an estimated 1474 BTC (approximately $356 thousand USD) funneled away from Bitfinex in approximately eight hours."


== Total Amount Lost ==
== Total Amount Lost ==
Amounts publicly reported have been as varied as 1,400 BTC<ref name="kylegibson-86" />, 1,459 BTC<ref name="reddit-3020" />, 1,474 BTC, 1,500 BTC, and over 1,500 BTC.
The market price estimates for the value taken have been $356,000 USD or $400,000 USD.
"In May 2015, 1500 bitcoins were stolen during a hack."
"Bitfinex los[t] 1,500 bitcoin, worth $400,000 at the time, when its hot wallets, connected directly to the internet, are hacked."
"Following the hack, Reddit user gowithbtc tracked an estimated 1474 BTC (approximately $356 thousand USD) funneled away from Bitfinex in approximately eight hours."
The total amount lost has been estimated at $356,000 USD.
The total amount lost has been estimated at $356,000 USD.


How much was lost and how was it calculated? If there are conflicting reports, which are accurate and where does the discrepancy lie?
== Immediate Reactions ==
BitFinex continued operating their trading platform throughout the incident<ref name=":0">[https://twitter.com/stanmarion/status/601717952229019648 Stanislas Marion - "@bitfinex why haven't you halted trading until the matter is resolved ?" - Twitter] (Accessed Apr 19, 2024)</ref>. BitFinex notified users of the breach on their website, requesting that users not deposit to the previously used deposit addresses<ref name="bitfinextwitter-3017" /><ref name="bitfinexarchive-3018" />.
 
=== Announcement On Website ===
BitFinex shared an announcement about the breach on their website<ref name="bitfinexarchive-3018" /> and spread word through Twitter<ref name="bitfinextwitter-3017" />.<blockquote>Dear Customer although we keep over 99.5% of users' BTC deposits in secure multisig wallets, the small remaining amount in coins in our hot wallet are theoretically vulnerable to attack. We believe that our hot wallet keys might have been compromised and ask that all of our customer cease depositing cryptocurrency to old deposits addresses. We are in the process of creating a new hot wallet and will advise within the next few hours. Although this incident is unfortunate, its scale is small and will be fully absorbed by the company. Thanks a lot for your patience and comprehension. Bitfinex Team</blockquote>


== Immediate Reactions ==
 
How did the various parties involved (firm, platform, management, and/or affected individual(s)) deal with the events? Were services shut down? Were announcements made? Were groups formed?
"BitFinex’s hot wallet has been compromised. The hack may have resulted in the loss of only 0.5% of the total funds." "The amount represents 0.06 percent of the company’s total holdings."<ref name="kylegibson-86" />
 
"BitFinex' Director of Community and Product Development, Zane Tackett, told Cointelegraph that "trading was not affected" and confirmed that the Bitcoin address posted in the article below does indeed belong to the culprit. He also said they have generated a new hot wallet "using a spare-machine designed especially for scenarios like this.""
 
"Don't deposit to old BTC addresses. New addresses are online and updates will follow soon."


== Ultimate Outcome ==
== Ultimate Outcome ==
What was the end result? Was any investigation done? Were any individuals prosecuted? Was there a lawsuit? Was any tracing done?
What was the end result? Was any investigation done? Were any individuals prosecuted? Was there a lawsuit? Was any tracing done?
"Bitfinex indicates it will absorb the losses." "Although this incident is unfortunate, its scale is small and will be fully absorbed by the company. Thanks a lot for your patience and comprehension."
The incident was included in a list put together by Kyle Gibson<ref name="kylegibson-86" />.


== Total Amount Recovered ==
== Total Amount Recovered ==
Bitfinex continued operating their trading platform throughout the incident<ref name=":0" /> and repeatedly indicated that they would cover the loss for users<ref name="kylegibson-86" />.
"Although this incident is unfortunate, its scale is small and will be fully absorbed by the company. Thanks a lot for your patience and comprehension."
There do not appear to have been any funds recovered in this case.
There do not appear to have been any funds recovered in this case.
What funds were recovered? What funds were reimbursed for those affected users?


== Ongoing Developments ==
== Ongoing Developments ==
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== References ==
== References ==
<references><ref name="kylegibson-86">[https://medium.com/@kylegibson/100-crypto-thefts-a-timeline-of-hacks-glitches-exit-scams-and-other-lost-cryptocurrency-873c87fd5522 100 Crypto Thefts: A Timeline of Hacks, Glitches, Exit Scams, and other Lost Cryptocurrency Incidents] (Jan 25, 2020)</ref>
<references>
 
<ref name="kylegibson-86">[https://medium.com/@kylegibson/100-crypto-thefts-a-timeline-of-hacks-glitches-exit-scams-and-other-lost-cryptocurrency-873c87fd5522 100 Crypto Thefts: A Timeline of Hacks, Glitches, Exit Scams, and other Lost Cryptocurrency Incidents - Kyle Gibson] (Accessed Jan 25, 2020)</ref>
<ref name="bitcoinexchangeguide-218">[https://bitcoinexchangeguide.com/bitcoin/scams-hacks/ Bitcoin Scams and Cryptocurrency Hacks List - BitcoinExchangeGuide.com] (Mar 5, 2020)</ref>
<ref name="bitcoinexchangeguide-218">[https://bitcoinexchangeguide.com/bitcoin/scams-hacks/ Bitcoin Scams and Cryptocurrency Hacks List - BitcoinExchangeGuide.com] (Accessed Mar 5, 2020)</ref>
 
<ref name="bbc-15">[https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-37009319 Bitfinex users to share 36% of bitcoin losses after hack - BBC News] (Accessed Feb 3, 2020)</ref>
<ref name="bbc-15">[https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-37009319 Bitfinex users to share 36% of bitcoin losses after hack - BBC News] (Feb 3, 2020)</ref>
<ref name="cointelegraph-2238">[https://cointelegraph.com/tags/bitfinex Latest Bitfinex News - CoinTelegraph] (Accessed Aug 7, 2021)</ref>
 
<ref name="cryptonews-2239">[https://cryptonews.com/reviews/bitfinex/ Bitfinex Review (2021) - Is It Trustworthy? - CryptoNews] (Accessed Aug 7, 2021)</ref>
<ref name="cointelegraph-2238">[https://cointelegraph.com/tags/bitfinex Bitfinex | Latest Bitfinex News by Cointelegraph] (Aug 7, 2021)</ref>
<ref name="cryptocompare-2240">[https://www.cryptocompare.com/exchanges/bitfinex/overview Bitfinex Exchange Reviews, Live Markets, Guides, Bitcoin charts - CryptoCompare] (Aug 7, 2021)</ref>
 
<ref name="cryptonews-2239">[https://cryptonews.com/reviews/bitfinex/ Bitfinex Review (2021) - Is It Trustworthy?] (Aug 7, 2021)</ref>
 
<ref name="cryptocompare-2240">[https://www.cryptocompare.com/exchanges/bitfinex/overview Bitfinex Exchange Reviews, Live Markets, Guides, Bitcoin charts] (Aug 7, 2021)</ref>
 
<ref name="masterthecrypto-2241">[https://masterthecrypto.com/bitfinex/ Bitfinex Exchange: User Review Guide - Master The Crypto] (Aug 7, 2021)</ref>
<ref name="masterthecrypto-2241">[https://masterthecrypto.com/bitfinex/ Bitfinex Exchange: User Review Guide - Master The Crypto] (Aug 7, 2021)</ref>
<ref name="wikipedia-3014">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitfinex Bitfinex - Wikipedia] (Aug 6, 2021)</ref>
<ref name="wikipedia-3014">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitfinex Bitfinex - Wikipedia] (Aug 6, 2021)</ref>
<ref name="siliconangle-3019">[https://siliconangle.com/2015/05/24/bitfinex-bitcoin-exchange-hot-wallet-hacked-estimated-1474-btc-stolen/ Bitfinex Bitcoin exchange hot wallet hacked, estimated 1474 BTC stolen - SiliconANGLE] (Sep 12, 2021)</ref>
<ref name="siliconangle-3019">[https://siliconangle.com/2015/05/24/bitfinex-bitcoin-exchange-hot-wallet-hacked-estimated-1474-btc-stolen/ Bitfinex Bitcoin exchange hot wallet hacked, estimated 1474 BTC stolen - SiliconANGLE] (Sep 12, 2021)</ref>
 
<ref name="cointelegraph-3016">[https://cointelegraph.com/news/breaking-bitfinex-hot-wallet-hacked-bitcoins-stolen <nowiki>BitFinex's Hot Wallet Hacked, More Than 1,500 Bitcoins Stolen [UPDATE] - CoinTelegraph</nowiki>] (Sep 12, 2021)</ref>
<ref name="cointelegraph-3016">[https://cointelegraph.com/news/breaking-bitfinex-hot-wallet-hacked-bitcoins-stolen <nowiki>BitFinex's Hot Wallet Hacked, More Than 1,500 Bitcoins Stolen [UPDATE]</nowiki>] (Sep 12, 2021)</ref>
<ref name="bitfinextwitter-3017">[https://twitter.com/bitfinex/status/601716397497065473 BitFinex - "Urgent Action Required: Don't deposit to old BTC addresses. New addresses are online and updates will follow soon." - Twitter] (Accessed Sep 12, 2021)</ref>
 
<ref name="bitfinexarchive-3018">[https://web.archive.org/web/20160306151326/https://www.bitfinex.com/pages/announcements?id=35 Urgent action required - BitFinex Announcements Archive March 6th, 2016 8:13:26 AM MST] (Sep 12, 2021)</ref>
<ref name="bitfinextwitter-3017">[https://twitter.com/bitfinex/status/601716397497065473 @bitfinex Twitter] (Sep 12, 2021)</ref>
<ref name="reddit-3020">[https://www.reddit.com/r/Bitcoin/comments/36v29t/bitfinex_hack2252015_1459_bitcoins_lost/ Bitfinex hack(22/5/2015): 1459 bitcoins lost - Reddit] (Sep 12, 2021)</ref>
 
<ref name="blockchaindotcom-3021">[https://www.blockchain.com/btc/address/17owg8RWb73qfE5HeQk6gg6RAgEUfxPXks Address: 17owg8RWb73qfE5HeQk6gg6RAgEUfxPXks - Blockchain Explorer] (Sep 12, 2021)</ref>
<ref name="bitfinexarchive-3018">[https://web.archive.org/web/20160306151326/https://www.bitfinex.com/pages/announcements?id=35 Bitfinex - Announcements] (Sep 12, 2021)</ref>
</references>
 
<ref name="reddit-3020">[https://www.reddit.com/r/Bitcoin/comments/36v29t/bitfinex_hack2252015_1459_bitcoins_lost/ Bitfinex hack(22/5/2015): 1459 bitcoins lost : Bitcoin] (Sep 12, 2021)</ref>
 
<ref name="blockchaindotcom-3021">[https://www.blockchain.com/btc/address/17owg8RWb73qfE5HeQk6gg6RAgEUfxPXks Address: 17owg8RWb73qfE5HeQk6gg6RAgEUfxPXks | Blockchain Explorer] (Sep 12, 2021)</ref></references>

Revision as of 14:05, 19 April 2024

Notice: This page is a new case study and some aspects have not been fully researched. Some sections may be incomplete or reflect inaccuracies present in initial sources. Please check the References at the bottom for further information and perform your own additional assessment. Please feel free to contribute by adding any missing information or sources you come across. If you are new here, please read General Tutorial on Wikis or Anatomy of a Case Study for help getting started.

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BitFinex Homepage/Logo

Bitfinex was the largest exchange by volume at this time. It stored the vast majority of funds in proper sold storage, and a relatively small amount was in a hot wallet, which was breached.

The exchange absorbed the loss without impact to customers.


This exchange or platform is based in Hong Kong, or the incident targeted people primarily in Hong Kong.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]

About BitFinex

"Bitfinex is a Hong Kong-based cryptocurrency exchange owned and operated by iFinex Inc., which is headquartered in Hong Kong and registered in the British Virgin Islands." "The Bitfinex exchange is a popular platform for exchanging cryptocurrencies, also hosting spot and derivatives trading as well as certain lending, borrowing and staking features. Bitfinex came into existence in 2012." "BitFinex offers three main functions - it is a pure bitcoin to fiat exchange, a margin trading exchange and a liquidity provider. The platform offers a number of features available that expand the financial positions you can take - for example, the ability to short Bitcoin via margin trading."

"Bitfinex also has its own utility crypto token called Unus Sed Leo (LEO). Because it restricts a number of regions, Bitfinex U.S. customers are not allowed. On Bitfinex, KYC and Anti-Money Laundering procedures are employed." "It serves all except few countries in the world (mentioned below) and supports both fiat-to-crypto and crypto-to-crypto trades. Other notable features include margin trading, limit and stop orders, over-the-counter (OTC) trades, and others. While there are many options available, everything is laid out in an impressively intuitive fashion, with easy-to-navigate dashboards and menus."

The Reality

This sections is included if a case involved deception or information that was unknown at the time. Examples include:

  • When the service was actually started (if different than the "official story").
  • Who actually ran a service and their own personal history.
  • How the service was structured behind the scenes. (For example, there was no "trading bot".)
  • Details of what audits reported and how vulnerabilities were missed during auditing.

What Happened

Bitfinex experienced a theft of over 1,400 bitcoins from their hot wallet in May 2015.

Key Event Timeline - Bitfinex Hot Wallet Hack
Date Event Description
May 22nd, 2015 Main Event Expand this into a brief description of what happened and the impact. If multiple lines are necessary, add them here.
May 22nd, 2015 5:49:00 AM MDT Twitter Post About Incident BitFinex tweets on Twitter about the breach[15]. This links to their announcement on their website[16] and recommends that users do not deposit funds to previous deposit addresses[15].

Technical Details

"Reddit user gowithbtc tracked an estimated 1474 BTC (approximately $356 thousand USD) funneled away from Bitfinex in approximately eight hours."

Total Amount Lost

Amounts publicly reported have been as varied as 1,400 BTC[17], 1,459 BTC[10], 1,474 BTC, 1,500 BTC, and over 1,500 BTC.

The market price estimates for the value taken have been $356,000 USD or $400,000 USD.

"In May 2015, 1500 bitcoins were stolen during a hack."

"Bitfinex los[t] 1,500 bitcoin, worth $400,000 at the time, when its hot wallets, connected directly to the internet, are hacked."

"Following the hack, Reddit user gowithbtc tracked an estimated 1474 BTC (approximately $356 thousand USD) funneled away from Bitfinex in approximately eight hours."

The total amount lost has been estimated at $356,000 USD.

Immediate Reactions

BitFinex continued operating their trading platform throughout the incident[18]. BitFinex notified users of the breach on their website, requesting that users not deposit to the previously used deposit addresses[15][16].

Announcement On Website

BitFinex shared an announcement about the breach on their website[16] and spread word through Twitter[15].

Dear Customer although we keep over 99.5% of users' BTC deposits in secure multisig wallets, the small remaining amount in coins in our hot wallet are theoretically vulnerable to attack. We believe that our hot wallet keys might have been compromised and ask that all of our customer cease depositing cryptocurrency to old deposits addresses. We are in the process of creating a new hot wallet and will advise within the next few hours. Although this incident is unfortunate, its scale is small and will be fully absorbed by the company. Thanks a lot for your patience and comprehension. Bitfinex Team


"BitFinex’s hot wallet has been compromised. The hack may have resulted in the loss of only 0.5% of the total funds." "The amount represents 0.06 percent of the company’s total holdings."[17]

"BitFinex' Director of Community and Product Development, Zane Tackett, told Cointelegraph that "trading was not affected" and confirmed that the Bitcoin address posted in the article below does indeed belong to the culprit. He also said they have generated a new hot wallet "using a spare-machine designed especially for scenarios like this.""

"Don't deposit to old BTC addresses. New addresses are online and updates will follow soon."

Ultimate Outcome

What was the end result? Was any investigation done? Were any individuals prosecuted? Was there a lawsuit? Was any tracing done?

"Bitfinex indicates it will absorb the losses." "Although this incident is unfortunate, its scale is small and will be fully absorbed by the company. Thanks a lot for your patience and comprehension."

The incident was included in a list put together by Kyle Gibson[17].

Total Amount Recovered

Bitfinex continued operating their trading platform throughout the incident[18] and repeatedly indicated that they would cover the loss for users[17].

"Although this incident is unfortunate, its scale is small and will be fully absorbed by the company. Thanks a lot for your patience and comprehension."

There do not appear to have been any funds recovered in this case.

Ongoing Developments

What parts of this case are still remaining to be concluded?

General Prevention Policies

In this case, there were no customer losses.

Greater security can be obtained by storing more funds in offline multi-signature storage, and signing specific transactions for larger withdrawals.

Individual Prevention Policies

No specific policies for individual prevention have yet been identified in this case.

For the full list of how to protect your funds as an individual, check our Prevention Policies for Individuals guide.

Platform Prevention Policies

Policies for platforms to take to prevent this situation have not yet been selected in this case.

For the full list of how to protect your funds as a financial service, check our Prevention Policies for Platforms guide.

Regulatory Prevention Policies

No specific regulatory policies have yet been identified in this case.

For the full list of regulatory policies that can prevent loss, check our Prevention Policies for Regulators guide.

References

  1. ↑ Bitcoin Scams and Cryptocurrency Hacks List - BitcoinExchangeGuide.com (Accessed Mar 5, 2020)
  2. ↑ Bitfinex users to share 36% of bitcoin losses after hack - BBC News (Accessed Feb 3, 2020)
  3. ↑ Latest Bitfinex News - CoinTelegraph (Accessed Aug 7, 2021)
  4. ↑ Bitfinex Review (2021) - Is It Trustworthy? - CryptoNews (Accessed Aug 7, 2021)
  5. ↑ Bitfinex Exchange Reviews, Live Markets, Guides, Bitcoin charts - CryptoCompare (Aug 7, 2021)
  6. ↑ Bitfinex Exchange: User Review Guide - Master The Crypto (Aug 7, 2021)
  7. ↑ Bitfinex - Wikipedia (Aug 6, 2021)
  8. ↑ Bitfinex Bitcoin exchange hot wallet hacked, estimated 1474 BTC stolen - SiliconANGLE (Sep 12, 2021)
  9. ↑ BitFinex's Hot Wallet Hacked, More Than 1,500 Bitcoins Stolen [UPDATE] - CoinTelegraph (Sep 12, 2021)
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Bitfinex hack(22/5/2015): 1459 bitcoins lost - Reddit (Sep 12, 2021)
  11. ↑ Address: 17owg8RWb73qfE5HeQk6gg6RAgEUfxPXks - Blockchain Explorer (Sep 12, 2021)
  12. ↑ https://bitcoinmagazine.com/articles/bitfinex-hot-wallets-hacked-1400-bitcoin-may-stolen-1432326539/
  13. ↑ https://bitcoinmagazine.com/articles/warning-signs-timeline-tether-and-bitfinex-events/
  14. ↑ https://www.hackread.com/bitcoin-exchange-bitfinex-hot-wallet-hacked/
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 BitFinex - "Urgent Action Required: Don't deposit to old BTC addresses. New addresses are online and updates will follow soon." - Twitter (Accessed Sep 12, 2021)
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 Urgent action required - BitFinex Announcements Archive March 6th, 2016 8:13:26 AM MST (Sep 12, 2021)
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 100 Crypto Thefts: A Timeline of Hacks, Glitches, Exit Scams, and other Lost Cryptocurrency Incidents - Kyle Gibson (Accessed Jan 25, 2020)
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Stanislas Marion - "@bitfinex why haven't you halted trading until the matter is resolved ?" - Twitter (Accessed Apr 19, 2024)
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