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| {{Case Study Under Construction}}[[File:Trezor.jpg|thumb|Trezor]]Multiple users of the Trezor hardware wallet had their email addresses compromised, and the phishing attacker sent out a realistic, typo-free, and well planned attack complete with an altered version of the Trezor Suite application which requested their seed phrase. While the total value of the loss hasn't been publicized, at least one user was found who was reported to have entered the seed phrase and lost significant funds. There is no evidence that any funds have been recovered. | | {{Imported Case Study 2|source=https://www.quadrigainitiative.com/casestudy/trezordatabreachphishing.php}} |
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| | [[File:Trezor.jpg|thumb|Trezor]]Multiple users of the Trezor hardware wallet had their email addresses compromised, and the phishing attacker sent out a realistic, typo-free, and well planned attack complete with an altered version of the application, which requested their seed phrase. While the total value of the loss hasn't been publicized, at least one user was found who was reported to have entered the seed phrase and lost significant funds. There is no evidence that any funds will be recovered. |
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| | This is a global/international case not involving a specific country.<ref name="reddit-7721" /><ref name="reddit-7722" /><ref name="trezor-6569" /><ref name="trezor-6570" /><ref name="trezorwiki-7723" /><ref name="trezortwitter-7724" /><ref name="yahoofinance-7725" /><ref name="eteq-7726" /><ref name="josearkanostwitter-7727" /><ref name="keff85twitter-7728" /><ref name="classlawdc-7729" /><ref name="watcherguru-7730" /><ref name="watchergurutwitter-7731" /><ref name="trezortwitter-8370" /><ref name="unnamed-11656" /><ref name="unnamed-11657" /> |
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| == About Trezor == | | == About Trezor == |
| Marek, the founder of Slush Pool, the first mining pool for bitcoin, realized the need for enhanced security when his Slush Fund mining pool was hacked<ref name=":6">[https://satoshilabs.com/our-story Our Story - SatoshiLabs] (Jul 5, 2023)</ref>. In 2011, he met Pavol and Alena at a hackerspace in Prague, and together they laid the foundation for SatoshiLabs<ref name=":6">[https://satoshilabs.com/our-story Our Story - SatoshiLabs] (Jul 5, 2023)</ref>. They create prototypes of a secure and intuitive cryptocurrency storage solution, leading to the development of the Trezor Model One<ref name=":6">[https://satoshilabs.com/our-story Our Story - SatoshiLabs] (Jul 5, 2023)</ref>, which was released in 2014<ref name="trezorwiki-7723" />.
| | "Trezor (or Trezor device) is the original and most trusted cryptocurrency hardware wallet designed and marketed by SatoshiLabs." "The safe place for your coins." "Store your coins with Trezor." |
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| | "The primary function of Trezor is to serve as a hardware wallet for cryptocurrencies. In addition to its primary function, it has many other security applications, such as password management and second-factor authentication." "Hardware wallet is the safest way to manage & trade your cryptocurrencies." "Online exchanges and wallet providers can disappear, go offline, be hacked. They are not reliable. Go offline. Store your coins with Trezor. Hardware wallet is the safest way to manage & trade your cryptocurrencies." |
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| Storing cryptocurrency data online is considered risky due to the potential for hacking and data breaches, but Trezor hardware wallets offer offline storage, ensuring the safety of coins and reducing the risk of theft<ref name="trezor-6569" /><ref name="trezor-6570" />. The Trezor wallet gained popularity and the team expands, shipping the first batch of devices and launching an official Trezor Shop<ref name=":6" />. In 2018, they release the Trezor Model T with advanced features<ref name=":6" /><ref name="trezorwiki-7723" />. They also establish Invity, a service supporting bitcoin adoption, and collaborate with Tropic Square to ensure secure chip design<ref name=":6" />. Recently, they introduce Vexl, a peer-to-peer crypto trading app, aiming to make bitcoin more accessible<ref name=":6" />. Trezor hardware wallets are used mainly for securely storing Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies<ref name="trezor-6569" /><ref name=":0">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wruL9LF8AUA Trezor - Initial Setup and Trezor Bitcoin Wallet Review - YouTube] (Jun 26, 2023)</ref>, though it also offers additional security features like password management and two-factor authentication<ref name="trezorwiki-7723" />.
| | "The first generation of Trezor, first released on 29 July 2014, is currently known as Trezor One. The next-generation device is called Trezor Model T and was released on 26 February 2018." |
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| Trezor emphasizes the security and privacy benefits of their hardware wallets<ref name="trezor-6570" />. Trezor has gained trust and recognition through independent security audits, its open-source nature, and its user-friendly interface called Trezor Wallet<ref name="trezorwiki-7723" />. It supports over 1,000 coins and tokens and is compatible with various third-party wallets and services<ref name="trezorwiki-7723" />. Trezor can be purchased from their official online store or authorized resellers, and they have partnerships and developer resources available<ref name="trezorwiki-7723" />.
| | "The Mailchimp security team disclosed that a malicious actor accessed an internal tool used by customer-facing teams for customer support and account administration. The bad actor gained access to this tool as a result of a successful social engineering attack on Mailchimp employees." |
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| Trezor wallets securely generate and store seed phrases offline, reducing the risk of insecure generation or online storage<ref name="trezor-6570" />. They also emphasize hands-on confirmation through features like PIN and passphrase protection, adding an extra layer of security. Trezor's open-source design promotes trust and transparency, allowing users to verify and contribute to the code<ref name="trezor-6570" />. They offer a range of security features within their Trezor Suite app, such as address signing, transaction anonymization, and support for the Tor network for anonymous communication<ref name="trezor-6570" />. Trezor values customer feedback and encourages bug reporting to ensure continuous improvement of their security products<ref name="trezor-6570" />. | | "Trezor wallet owners did not have a good Sunday morning after the hardware wallet provider revealed that some of its users were the target of a phishing attack over the weekend. On April 3, Crypto Twitter was filled with community warnings about an ongoing email phishing campaign targeting Trezor users via their registered email addresses." |
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| The Trezor Suite app allows users to connect their wallet and manage their assets conveniently, with features such as secure trading, portfolio tracking, and easy wallet recovery<ref name="trezor-6569" />. Trezor emphasizes trust, transparency, and independence, with an open-source design and a strong foundation in privacy and security<ref name="trezor-6569" />. With over 10 years in the crypto industry, Trezor has gained the trust of over 1 million customers and is recognized as an industry innovator in hardware wallets<ref name="trezor-6569" />.
| | "Very convincing Trezor phishing scam being sent from trezor.us. Most likely leaked emails from HubSpot breach or other crypto-adjacent lists." |
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| Trezor typically comes with a hardware wallet device, a connector wire, and recovery seed booklets<ref name=":0">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wruL9LF8AUA Trezor - Initial Setup and Trezor Bitcoin Wallet Review - YouTube] (Jun 26, 2023)</ref>. The recovery seed is crucial for accessing funds in case the device is lost<ref name=":0">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wruL9LF8AUA Trezor - Initial Setup and Trezor Bitcoin Wallet Review - YouTube] (Jun 26, 2023)</ref>. The user would typically visit the Trezor website for the setup process, which starts with updating the firmware and confirming the device's identification number<ref name=":0">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wruL9LF8AUA Trezor - Initial Setup and Trezor Bitcoin Wallet Review - YouTube] (Jun 26, 2023)</ref>. The user then sets up a PIN for accessing the wallet<ref name=":0">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wruL9LF8AUA Trezor - Initial Setup and Trezor Bitcoin Wallet Review - YouTube] (Jun 26, 2023)</ref>. The PIN is entered using a number matrix displayed on the computer screen<ref name=":0">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wruL9LF8AUA Trezor - Initial Setup and Trezor Bitcoin Wallet Review - YouTube] (Jun 26, 2023)</ref>.
| | "Asks you to download latest Trezor software suite to address the security condition." |
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| The recovery seed consists of 24 words that need to be written down and stored in two separate secure locations<ref name=":0">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wruL9LF8AUA Trezor - Initial Setup and Trezor Bitcoin Wallet Review - YouTube] (Jun 26, 2023)</ref>. User are typically strongly advised against creating digital copies to prevent the risk of theft or loss due to hacking or accidents<ref name=":0">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wruL9LF8AUA Trezor - Initial Setup and Trezor Bitcoin Wallet Review - YouTube] (Jun 26, 2023)</ref>. It is also suggested to test the wallet with a small amount of money before transferring larger amounts<ref name=":0">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wruL9LF8AUA Trezor - Initial Setup and Trezor Bitcoin Wallet Review - YouTube] (Jun 26, 2023)</ref>. Even if the device is lost, the funds can be recovered using the recovery seed<ref name=":0">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wruL9LF8AUA Trezor - Initial Setup and Trezor Bitcoin Wallet Review - YouTube] (Jun 26, 2023)</ref>.
| | "Unauthorized actors have attempted to contact Trezor users posing as the firm to scam unaware users out of their investments. Users received an email about downloading an app from a similar domain called ‘trezor.us’ instead of the official Trezor domain name, ‘trezor.io.’" |
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| === Notice Of Breach Received ===
| | "We regret to inform you that Trezor has experienced a security incident involving data belonging to 106,856 of our customers, and that the wallet associated with your email address is within those affected by the breach." |
| Trezor users received an email informing them that their personal information had been compromised and of the potential that their assets might be at risk. The email instructed them to download the latest version of Trezor Suite and set up a new PIN for their wallet.<blockquote>"We regret to inform you that Trezor has experienced a security incident involving data belonging to 106,856 of our customers, and that the wallet associated with your email address is within those affected by the breach."
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| "Namely, on Saturday, April 2nd, 2022, our security team discovered that one of the Trezor Suite administrative servers had been accessed by an unauthorized malicious actor." "At the moment, it's technically impossible to accurately assess the scope of the data breach. Due to these circumstances, if you've recently accessed your wallet using Trezor Suite, we must assume that your cryptocurrency assets are at risk of being stolen." | | "Namely, on Saturday, April 2nd, 2022, our security team discovered that one of the Trezor Suite administrative servers had been accessed by an unauthorized malicious actor." "At the moment, it's technically impossible to accurately assess the scope of the data breach. Due to these circumstances, if you've recently accessed your wallet using Trezor Suite, we must assume that your cryptocurrency assets are at risk of being stolen." |
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| "In the spirit of transparency, we wanted to make our customers aware of this incident before malicious actors could utilize this information to their detriment. We felt time was of the essence, and we are expediently working through our investigation." | | "In the spirit of transparency, we wanted to make our customers aware of this incident before malicious actors could utilize this information to their detriment. We felt time was of the essence, and we are expediently working through our investigation." |
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| "If you're receiving this e-mail, it's because you've been affected by the breach. In order to protect your assets, please download the latest version of Trezor Suite and follow the instructions to set up a new PIN for your wallet."</blockquote> | | "If you're receiving this e-mail, it's because you've been affected by the breach. In order to protect your assets, please download the latest version of Trezor Suite and follow the instructions to set up a new PIN for your wallet." |
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| | "When you click on the link in the phishing email you are directed to download a Trezor Suite lookalike app, that will ask you to connect your wallet and enter your seed. The seed is compromised once you enter it into the app, and your funds will then be immediately transferred to the attackers wallet." |
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| | "This attack is exceptional in its sophistication and was clearly planned to a high level of detail. The phishing application is a cloned version of Trezor Suite with very realistic functionality, and also included a web version of the app." |
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| | "Wow, @Trezor, this is the best phishing attempt I have seen in the last few years. I am really lucky I don't have Trezor, because if I had, I would probably actually download that update." |
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| | "For this attack to be successful, users had to install the malicious software on their devices, at which point their operating system should identify that the software comes from an unknown source. This warning should not be ignored, all official software is digitally signed by SatoshiLabs." |
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| | "I happen to have clicked on the update and upon checking my wallet balance afterward, I realized both my bitcoin and Ethereum in the account were sent to unknown addresses in a space of 4 minutes interval." |
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| == About MailChimp ==
| | "Can someone please advise me on what best to do now and if I can ever be able to recover my coins? All suggestions will be appreciated as it is a substantial amount." |
| MailChimp is a leading marketing automation and email marketing platform<ref name=":1">[[wikipedia:Mailchimp|MailChimp - Wikipedia]] (Jun 28, 2023)</ref> that helps businesses increase revenue through effective email campaigns<ref name=":2">[https://mailchimp.com/ MailChimp Homepage] (Jun 28, 2023)</ref>. MailChimp was founded in 2001 by Ben Chestnut, Mark Armstrong, and Dan Kurzius<ref name=":1">[[wikipedia:Mailchimp|MailChimp - Wikipedia]] (Jun 28, 2023)</ref>. The platform has evolved from an email marketing tool to a comprehensive marketing platform and has made a significant impact in the industry<ref name=":1" />. It started as a paid service and later introduced a freemium option, experiencing significant growth in its user base<ref name=":1">[[wikipedia:Mailchimp|MailChimp - Wikipedia]] (Jun 28, 2023)</ref>. By June 2014, Mailchimp was sending over 10 billion emails per month. It has become a popular platform, with more than 600 million emails sent through it every two days<ref name=":1">[[wikipedia:Mailchimp|MailChimp - Wikipedia]] (Jun 28, 2023)</ref>.
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| The MailChimp platform offers a range of features designed to improve open rates, click-through rates, and overall sales<ref name=":2" />. By signing up for Mailchimp, businesses can leverage automated workflows, such as discount and reminder emails, to convert more customers at the right time<ref name=":2" />. The platform also provides over 20 AI and data tools for content creation, design customization, and performance analysis<ref name=":2" />.
| | “We immediately took steps to disable phishing sites and are taking further steps to stop the continuation of this phishing attack.” — Tomáš Sušánka, CTO of Trezor. |
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| Segmentation is another key aspect of Mailchimp's offering, allowing businesses to target specific customer groups and enhance customer loyalty<ref name=":2" />. By predicting the right customers to target, businesses can optimize their marketing efforts<ref name=":2" />. Mailchimp also integrates with various tools, enabling data syncing, time-saving, and better decision-making<ref name=":2" />. Mailchimp's Customer Journey Builder automations can generate up to 4x more orders by triggering emails based on customer behavior<ref name=":2" />. Pre-built journeys assist businesses in cross-selling, recovering abandoned carts, re-engaging existing customers, and acquiring new ones<ref name=":2" />. Personalized emails based on buying behavior, survey responses, chat interactions, and support tickets help promote customer loyalty and growth<ref name=":2" />.
| | "Cryptocurrency hardware wallet provider Trezor has begun formally investigating a possible data breach that has affected numerous users and may have compromised their personal information." "Trezor initially suspected that the compromised email addresses belonged to a list of users who opted-in for newsletters hosted on an American email marketing service provider Mailchimp." |
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| MailChimp's AI-powered tools, such as the Content Optimizer and Creative Assistant, provide data-driven suggestions for improving email copy, imagery, and layout. Additionally, their segmentation capabilities help identify the most valuable customers based on lifetime value and likelihood to purchase<ref name=":2" />. The platform also offers integrations with popular tools like Canva, Salesforce, Instagram, Shopify, Google Analytics, WooCommerce, QuickBooks Online, Squarespace Commerce, and Zapier, allowing businesses to bring in more data and drive growth<ref name=":2" />.
| | "The firm has begun investigating the data breach and has confirmed that its service has been compromised by ‘an insider targeting crypto companies.’ As the firm officially investigates the total number of stolen email addresses, they have advised users not to click on links coming from unofficial sources until further notice." |
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| Over the years, MailChimp has received recognition for its innovation and was ranked No. 7 on the Forbes Cloud 100 list in 2016. In 2017, it was named one of Fast Company's Most Innovative Companies<ref name=":1">[[wikipedia:Mailchimp|MailChimp - Wikipedia]] (Jun 28, 2023)</ref>. The company has expanded its operations, opening offices in Brooklyn and Oakland, California<ref name=":1">[[wikipedia:Mailchimp|MailChimp - Wikipedia]] (Jun 28, 2023)</ref>.
| | "With this recent leak of personal information, Trezor users can expect an uptick in both the number of phishing attempts and their level of complexity. Some customers may even be the target of multiple “scareware” attacks, where threat actors use the compromised information to generate shock and anxiety in their targets, as to more easily manipulate them." |
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| In 2019, MailChimp acquired LemonStand, a competitor, and announced plans to shift from mail distribution to providing a full marketing platform for smaller organizations<ref name=":1">[[wikipedia:Mailchimp|MailChimp - Wikipedia]] (Jun 28, 2023)</ref>. This included features such as customer lead tracking, landing page and website building, and ad retargeting on platforms like Facebook and Instagram<ref name=":1">[[wikipedia:Mailchimp|MailChimp - Wikipedia]] (Jun 28, 2023)</ref>. Mailchimp further expanded its reach by acquiring Courier Media, a London-based media and magazine company, in March 2020<ref name=":1">[[wikipedia:Mailchimp|MailChimp - Wikipedia]] (Jun 28, 2023)</ref>.
| | "Migliaccio & Rathod LLP is currently investigating Trezor Company s.r.o, a hardware cryptocurrency wallet maker, for failing to adequately safeguard consumer information, resulting in a data breach. Initially reported on numerous cryptocurrency forums in March of 2022, the data breach involved the exposure of users’ email addresses who had subscribed to the company’s newsletter through the data processing company MailChimp." |
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| Despite receiving acquisition offers, MailChimp remained independent for 20 years<ref name=":1">[[wikipedia:Mailchimp|MailChimp - Wikipedia]] (Jun 28, 2023)</ref>. However, in September 2021, it was confirmed that Intuit would acquire Mailchimp for approximately $12 billion in cash and stock<ref name=":1">[[wikipedia:Mailchimp|MailChimp - Wikipedia]] (Jun 28, 2023)</ref>. Following the acquisition, the platform was renamed Intuit MailChimp<ref name=":1">[[wikipedia:Mailchimp|MailChimp - Wikipedia]] (Jun 28, 2023)</ref>.
| | "Trezor customer order data is purged after 90 days. The data contained in this leak originates from a separate database secured by a third party." |
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| MailChimp gained visibility through its podcast advertising, particularly sponsoring the launch of the podcast Serial<ref name=":1">[[wikipedia:Mailchimp|MailChimp - Wikipedia]] (Jun 28, 2023)</ref>. An advertisement featuring a mispronunciation of the company's name by a young girl from Norway became a meme, prompting MailChimp to buy the domain mailkimp.com and redirect traffic to its main website<ref name=":1">[[wikipedia:Mailchimp|MailChimp - Wikipedia]] (Jun 28, 2023)</ref>.
| | "We are actively warning customers about the ongoing phishing attacks, having published warnings on our website and social media, and also within the Trezor Suite app. Please help us spread the word and minimize the harm these scammers cause." |
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| | "We have already taken down many of the malicious sites associated with today’s attack. The team is working around the clock to bring the phishing sites down as soon as possible." |
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| In terms of services, Mailchimp integrated its transactional email service, Mandrill, into its platform in 2016<ref name=":1">[[wikipedia:Mailchimp|MailChimp - Wikipedia]] (Jun 28, 2023)</ref>. This change required customers to be on a paid MailChimp plan to access Mandrill, resulting in some criticism<ref name=":1">[[wikipedia:Mailchimp|MailChimp - Wikipedia]] (Jun 28, 2023)</ref>.
| | "While Trezor makes an try to determine the idea cause for the state of affairs with an official investigation, prospects are instructed to not click on on on hyperlinks coming from unofficial sources until extra uncover." "The only reason to worry about your funds is if you entered your seed into the malicious app. Your device can not be compromised or affected by this attack without explicitly typing your seed into your computer. Never enter your seed anywhere unless your Trezor device tells you to!" |
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| == The Reality ==
| | This is a global/international case not involving a specific country. |
| Phishing is an online scam where criminals impersonate legitimate organizations to steal sensitive information. Phishing attacks are on the rise globally, with a significant increase during the COVID-19 pandemic, and they account for a large portion of data breaches<ref>[https://watcher.guru/news/trezor-data-breach-phishing-emails Possible data breach for Trezor as users report string of phishing emails - Watcher.Guru] (Jun 20, 2023)</ref>.
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| | The background of the exchange platform, service, or individuals involved, as it would have been seen or understood at the time of the events. |
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| | Include: |
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| | * Known history of when and how the service was started. |
| | * What problems does the company or service claim to solve? |
| | * What marketing materials were used by the firm or business? |
| | * Audits performed, and excerpts that may have been included. |
| | * Business registration documents shown (fake or legitimate). |
| | * How were people recruited to participate? |
| | * Public warnings and announcements prior to the event. |
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| MailChimp has faced data breaches in 2022 and 2023, with unauthorized access to customer data through social engineering incidents<ref name=":1" />.
| | Don't Include: |
| | * Any wording which directly states or implies that the business is/was illegitimate, or that a vulnerability existed. |
| | * Anything that wasn't reasonably knowable at the time of the event. |
| | There could be more than one section here. If the same platform is involved with multiple incidents, then it can be linked to a main article page. |
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| "The Mailchimp security team disclosed that a malicious actor accessed an internal tool used by customer-facing teams for customer support and account administration. The bad actor gained access to this tool as a result of a successful social engineering attack on Mailchimp employees."
| | == The Reality == |
| | This sections is included if a case involved deception or information that was unknown at the time. Examples include: |
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| "Unauthorized actors have attempted to contact Trezor users posing as the firm to scam unaware users out of their investments. Users received an email about downloading an app from a similar domain called ‘trezor.us’ instead of the official Trezor domain name, ‘trezor.io.’" | | * When the service was actually started (if different than the "official story"). |
| | * Who actually ran a service and their own personal history. |
| | * How the service was structured behind the scenes. (For example, there was no "trading bot".) |
| | * Details of what audits reported and how vulnerabilities were missed during auditing. |
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| == What Happened == | | == What Happened == |
| Users who followed the instructions in the email (from trezor.us instead of trezor.io) downloaded malware to their computer which mimicked the functionality of the Trezor Suite. This malware requested them to enter their seed phrase as part of the setup process. Once the seed phrase had been entered, it was transmitted to the attackers, and the attackers were able to sweep all funds from their wallet.
| | The specific events of the loss and how it came about. What actually happened to cause the loss and some of the events leading up to it. |
| {| class="wikitable" | | {| class="wikitable" |
| |+Key Event Timeline - Trezor Data Breach Phishing | | |+Key Event Timeline - Trezor Data Breach Phishing |
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| |March 26th, 2022
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| |MailChimp Breach Discovered
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| |The MailChimp breach was reportedly discovered<ref name=":3">[https://techcrunch.com/2022/04/04/mailchimp-internal-tool-breach/ Mailchimp says an internal tool was used to breach hundreds of accounts - TechCrunch] (Jun 28, 2023)</ref>. “When we become aware of any unauthorized account access, we notify the account owner and immediately take steps to suspend any further access,” Smyth told TechCrunch. “We also recommend two-factor authentication and other account security measures for our users as added measures to keep accounts and passwords secure.”
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| |April 2nd, 2022 5:32:42 PM MDT | | |April 2nd, 2022 5:32:42 PM MDT |
| |Phishing Posted on Reddit | | |Main Event |
| |The Trezor phishing attacks are posted about on Reddit<ref name="reddit-7721" /><ref name=":4">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220404100831/https://www.reddit.com/r/TREZOR/comments/tuwfer/trezor_phishing_scam/ Trezor Phishing Scam - Trezor Subreddit Archive April 4th, 2022 4:08:31 AM MDT] (Jul 4, 2023)</ref> along with a screenshot<ref name=":5">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220402233425/https://preview.redd.it/7kb5kqtsa7r81.jpg?width=1442&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=e4df16b683460593e240b8dbb0dbd287af0c6052 Phishing Email Screenshot - Reddit] (Jul 4, 2023)</ref>. A convincing Trezor phishing scam has been reported, with emails sent from trezor.us. It is suspected that the scammers obtained leaked email addresses from the HubSpot breach or other crypto-related lists. The phishing email asks recipients to download the latest Trezor software suite to address a supposed security issue. Several users in the Reddit thread confirmed receiving the scam email, including those who used unique email addresses solely for their Trezor accounts. Some users suspect that Trezor might have experienced a data breach, while others are taking precautionary measures by changing their email addresses. One user mentioned that the email contained an embedded image tracker to capture recipients' IP addresses. It is recommended to report such phishing attempts to the appropriate authorities and to Trezor directly. Users who may have downloaded and installed the malicious software are advised to scan their systems for malware and consider taking further security measures<ref name=":4">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220404100831/https://www.reddit.com/r/TREZOR/comments/tuwfer/trezor_phishing_scam/ Trezor Phishing Scam - Trezor Subreddit Archive April 4th, 2022 4:08:31 AM MDT] (Jul 4, 2023)</ref>. | | |Expand this into a brief description of what happened and the impact. If multiple lines are necessary, add them here. |
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| |April 2nd, 2022 5:36:00 PM MDT
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| |Tomáš Kafka Tweets Screenshot
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| |Twitter user Tomáš Kafka shared a screenshot of the phishing attempt he received and said he was "really lucky" he didn't have a Trezor, because if he did, he "would probably actually download that update"<ref name="keff85twitter-7728" />.
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| |April 2nd, 2022 7:21:00 PM MDT
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| |Jose Arkos Tweets Screenshot
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| |A screenshot of the phishing email is shared by Twitter user josearkos<ref name="josearkanostwitter-7727" />.
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| |April 2nd, 2022 8:45:37 PM MDT | | | |
| |Crosspost to Bitcoin Subreddit | | | |
| |The phishing attack is crossposted to the Bitcoin subreddit<ref name="reddit-7722" />. The Reddit community quickly identifies the email as a scam. They point out that the email came from a domain trezor.us, while the legitimate website is trezor.io. Users warn against falling for such scams and advise to ignore any emails claiming that funds are at risk. They emphasize that a reputable wallet company should never have access to users' private keys, which are stored securely on the device. The discussion also includes some unrelated and humorous comments<ref name="reddit-7722" />. | | | |
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| |April 3rd, 2022 2:22:00 AM MDT
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| |Graham Cluley Article
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| |Graham Cluley publishes an article about the phishing attempt<ref name=":7">[https://grahamcluley.com/trezor-wallets-hacked-dont-be-duped-by-phishing-attack-email/ Trezor wallets hacked? Don’t be duped by phishing attack email - Graham Cluley] (Jun 27, 2023)</ref>. Owners of Trezor hardware cryptocurrency wallets have been targeted by a phishing email attempting to trick them into downloading malicious software. The email falsely claims that Trezor experienced a security incident and that the data of 106,856 customers has been breached. However, the email is not from Trezor but is a phishing attempt. If recipients click on the link in the email, they are directed to a fake website that closely resembles Trezor's legitimate site. The fake website uses a unicode domain phishing attack, with a subtle alteration in the URL. Trezor has confirmed that it is investigating a possible breach of its MailChimp opt-in mailing list, which could explain how customers were targeted<ref name=":7">[https://grahamcluley.com/trezor-wallets-hacked-dont-be-duped-by-phishing-attack-email/ Trezor wallets hacked? Don’t be duped by phishing attack email - Graham Cluley] (Jun 27, 2023)</ref>.
| |
| |-
| |
| |April 3rd, 2022 3:23:00 AM MDT
| |
| |Trezor Announces Investigation
| |
| |Trezor announces on Twitter that they are in the process of "investigating a potential data breach of an opt-in newsletter hosted on MailChimp". "A scam email warning of a data breach is circulating. Do not open any email originating from noreply@trezor.us, it is a phishing domain."<ref name="trezortwitter-8370" />
| |
| |-
| |
| |April 3rd, 2022 4:04:00 AM MDT
| |
| |Trezor Confirms MailChimp Breach
| |
| |Trezor confirms the breach in a tweet. They state that it's been confirmed by MailChimp. They state it appears to be an insider targeting crypto companies, they've managed to take the domains down, and not to open any emails from them until further notice<ref name="trezortwitter-7724" />.
| |
| |-
| |
| |April 3rd, 2022 4:29:00 AM MDT
| |
| |CoinTelegraph Article
| |
| |CoinTelegraph posts an article covering the situation<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220403103056/https://cointelegraph.com/news/trezor-investigates-potential-data-breach-as-users-cite-phishing-attacks Trezor investigates potential data breach as users cite phishing attacks - CoinTelegraph Archive April 3rd, 2022 4:30:56 AM MDT] (Apr 18, 2023)</ref>. "While Trezor attempts to identify the root cause of the situation with an official investigation, users are advised not to click on links coming from unofficial sources until further notice." <ref name="eteq-7726" /> TBD article was updated.
| |
| |-
| |
| |April 3rd, 2022 5:12:00 AM MDT
| |
| |Watcher.Guru Article
| |
| |Watcher.Guru announces the situation and publishes an article<ref name="watchergurutwitter-7731" /><ref name="watcherguru-7730" />. Trezor, a cryptocurrency hardware wallet provider, is investigating a potential data breach that has affected its users and may have exposed their personal information. The issue was brought to light when Twitter users reported receiving phishing emails targeting Trezor users. The fraudulent emails claim that Trezor experienced a security incident and urge users to download an app from an unofficial domain. Trezor suspects that the compromised email addresses were part of a newsletter list hosted by email marketing service provider Mailchimp, which confirmed that their service was breached by an insider targeting crypto companies. Trezor advises users to avoid clicking on links from unofficial sources and to update their firmware or software only through the official Trezor website.
| |
| |-
| |
| |April 3rd, 2022 10:04:00 AM MDT
| |
| |FXEmpire Article
| |
| |FXEmpire reports that Trezor has issued a warning about a phishing attack that targeted some of its users<ref name=":8">[https://www.fxempire.com/news/article/trezor-issues-data-breach-warning-as-users-cite-phishing-attacks-957001 Trezor Issues Data Breach Warning As Users Cite Phishing Attacks - FXEmpire] (Jul 5, 2023)</ref>. Users received an email posing as Trezor, asking them to download an app from a fraudulent domain called 'trezor.us' instead of the official Trezor domain, 'trezor.io'. Trezor suspects that the compromised email addresses may belong to users who opted in for newsletters hosted on email marketing service provider Mailchimp. The company is investigating the data breach and has advised users not to click on links from unofficial sources<ref name=":8">[https://www.fxempire.com/news/article/trezor-issues-data-breach-warning-as-users-cite-phishing-attacks-957001 Trezor Issues Data Breach Warning As Users Cite Phishing Attacks - FXEmpire] (Jul 5, 2023)</ref>. The article is later reposted to Yahoo Finance<ref name="yahoofinance-7725" /> within several hours<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220403230626/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/trezor-issues-data-breach-warning-160241180.html Trezor Issues Data Breach Warning As Users Cite Phishing Attacks - Yahoo Finance Archive April 3rd, 2022 5:06:26 PM MDT] (Apr 18, 2023)</ref>.
| |
| |-
| |
| |April 4th, 2022 10:34:10 AM MDT
| |
| |TechCrunch Article
| |
| |TechCrunch reports that email marketing company MailChimp has experienced a data breach after hackers compromised an internal tool, according to the company's CISO, Siobhan Smyth. The breach was discovered on March 26 and involved a successful social engineering attack that allowed the hackers to access customer accounts. Approximately 300 MailChimp accounts were viewed, and data was exported from 102 of those accounts. The targeted customers were mainly in the cryptocurrency and finance sectors. The hackers also gained access to API keys, potentially enabling them to send spoofed emails, but MailChimp has disabled the keys. Some users reported receiving phishing emails as a result of the breach. MailChimp recommends two-factor authentication and other security measures to its users and has taken steps to prevent further unauthorized access. The company did not disclose the additional security measures it is implementing to prevent future attacks. The breach came to light after cryptocurrency wallet maker Trezor confirmed that its users had received phishing emails as a result of the MailChimp breach<ref name=":3" />.
| |
| |-
| |
| |April 5th, 2022 1:33:19 PM MDT
| |
| |Migliaccio & Rathod LLP Investigation
| |
| |Law firm Migliaccio & Rathod LLP are reportedly investigating a potential class action against Trezor "for failing to adequately safeguard consumer information, resulting in a data breach"<ref name="classlawdc-7729" />. The breach, initially reported in March 2022, exposed the email addresses of users who had subscribed to Trezor's newsletter through MailChimp. The leaked email addresses have led to phishing scams targeting hardware wallet owners, aiming to obtain their 12-word recovery seeds and steal cryptocurrency assets. In addition to email addresses, the breach may have exposed users' phone numbers, addresses, and account passwords, which can be exploited in sophisticated attacks on recovery seeds. Users can anticipate an increase in both the number and complexity of phishing attempts, with some potentially experiencing multiple scareware attacks. If affected by the breach, Trezor users are encouraged to contact Migliaccio & Rathod LLP for assistance.
| |
| |-
| |
| |April 7th, 2022 10:50:27 AM MDT
| |
| |Robinson + Cole Article
| |
| |Robinson+Cole reports that email and social media marketing company MailChimp has experienced a data breach, with 319 MailChimp accounts being compromised. Out of those accounts, audience data from 102 of them was accessed. The breach was the result of a social engineering attack targeting MailChimp employees. The attack specifically targeted users in the cryptocurrency and finance industries. The hackers have been using the information obtained from the breached accounts to send phishing emails. This incident highlights the importance of regular employee training to educate users about avoiding suspicious links in emails, as well as the need for individuals to implement multi-factor authentication for critical financial accounts<ref>[https://www.dataprivacyandsecurityinsider.com/2022/04/mailchimp-suffers-a-data-breach/ Mailchimp Suffers a Data Breach - Robinson+Cole's Data Privacy + Cybersecurity Team] (Jun 28, 2023)</ref>.
| |
| |-
| |
| |January 11th, 2023
| |
| |Another MailChimp Security Incident
| |
| |MailChimp experienced a separate security incident where an unauthorized actor gained access to select MailChimp accounts. The incident was the result of a social engineering attack on MailChimp employees and contractors, with the unauthorized actor using compromised employee credentials. The incident affected 133 MailChimp accounts, and there is no evidence to suggest that Intuit systems or customer data beyond these accounts were compromised. As a response, MailChimp temporarily suspended account access for accounts with suspicious activity and promptly notified the affected account owners. They provided instructions for users to reinstate access to their accounts safely and have been offering direct support to impacted users. MailChimp is conducting an ongoing investigation and is committed to providing timely and accurate information to those affected<ref>[https://mailchimp.com/january-2023-security-incident/ January 2023 Security Incident - MailChimp] (Jun 28, 2023)</ref>.
| |
| |-
| |
| |January 19th, 2023 2:15:00 AM MST
| |
| |ComputerWeekly Cites Further Breaches
| |
| |ComputerWeekly reports that email marketing specialist MailChimp has experienced its third data breach in a year due to a social engineering attack. "The attack saw an unauthorised party access customer support and admin tools by phishing its employees and stealing their credentials, before accessing data on 133 customers." MailChimp promptly suspended account access for affected accounts, notified the primary contacts within 24 hours, and has been assisting in the safe reinstatement of access for affected users. The company stated that there is no evidence to suggest that the compromise impacted Intuit systems or customer data beyond the MailChimp accounts. While MailChimp has been praised for its swift response, this incident follows a pattern of internal compromises within the organization. The breach has raised concerns about prevalence and sophistication of social engineering attacks targeting third-party tools and highlights the need for robust customer data security measures<ref>[https://www.computerweekly.com/news/252529368/Mailchimp-suffers-third-breach-in-12-months Mailchimp suffers third breach in 12 months - ComputerWeekly] (Jun 28, 2023)</ref>.
| |
| |} | | |} |
|
| |
|
| == Technical Details == | | == Technical Details == |
| | This section includes specific detailed technical analysis of any security breaches which happened. What specific software vulnerabilities contributed to the problem and how were they exploited? |
|
| |
|
| The MailChimp service suffered a phishing attack through social engineering. This resulted in a breach of customer contact information of Trezor hardware wallet users. The breached information was used to send Trezor customers a convincing phishing email warning them that their assets may be at risk. Users were instructed to download an updated hardware wallet to secure their funds.
| | == Total Amount Lost == |
| | | The total amount lost is unknown. |
| === Breach of MailChimp Servers ===
| |
| MailChimp is a widely used marketing tool. The MailChimp servers were breached by a social engineering attack. The exact details of the attack have not been disclosed.
| |
| | |
| <ref name=":5" />
| |
| | |
| Mailchimp faced data breaches in 2022 and 2023, with unauthorized access to customer data through social engineering incidents<ref name=":1" />.
| |
| | |
| Trezor has confirmed that it is investigating a possible breach of its MailChimp opt-in mailing list, which could explain how customers were targeted<ref name=":7" />.
| |
| | |
| === Phishing Email To Trezor Users ===
| |
| A highly sophisticated phishing attack was performed against Trezor users. It leveraged recent privacy breaches which Trezor users would already be aware of, suggesting that another attack had occurred, and this time, there was some uncertainty as to whether wallet funds were safe or not. Users were instructed to download an update to their Trezor wallet software and change their PIN.
| |
| | |
| The email falsely claims that Trezor experienced a security incident and that the data of 106,856 customers has been breached<ref name=":7" />. However, the email is not from Trezor but is a phishing attempt<ref name=":7" />. If recipients click on the link in the email, they are directed to a fake website that closely resembles Trezor's legitimate site<ref name=":7" />. The fake website uses a unicode domain phishing attack, with a subtle alteration in the URL<ref name=":7" />. | |
|
| |
|
| Some phishing emails came from the trezor.us domain, which seems like a reasonable domain name that Trezor might use for US customers. The link provided in the email took users to a download page mimicking the official Trezor download page.<blockquote>"Wow, @Trezor, this is the best phishing attempt I have seen in the last few years. I am really lucky I don't have Trezor, because if I had, I would probably actually download that update."</blockquote>
| | How much was lost and how was it calculated? If there are conflicting reports, which are accurate and where does the discrepancy lie? |
| | |
| === Malware Requests Seed Phrase ===
| |
| Once the user was to download the fake Trezor application, they would be prompted to enter their seed phrase in the application. While most users would understand this defeats the purpose of a hardware wallet, many users are unaware or may not be thinking at that time. Entering the seed phrase is a step you would perform if using a software-based wallet, for example.
| |
| | |
| The Trezor application was designed to mimic the appearance of the legitimate Trezor application. Users who entered their seed phrase into the malicious fake Trezor wallet malware gave the hackers all of the necessary information in order to transfer their funds.
| |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| "When you click on the link in the phishing email you are directed to download a Trezor Suite lookalike app, that will ask you to connect your wallet and enter your seed. The seed is compromised once you enter it into the app, and your funds will then be immediately transferred to the attackers wallet."
| |
| | |
| "This attack is exceptional in its sophistication and was clearly planned to a high level of detail. The phishing application is a cloned version of Trezor Suite with very realistic functionality, and also included a web version of the app."
| |
| | |
| "For this attack to be successful, users had to install the malicious software on their devices, at which point their operating system should identify that the software comes from an unknown source. This warning should not be ignored, all official software is digitally signed by SatoshiLabs."
| |
| | |
| == Total Amount Lost ==
| |
| The total amount lost is unknown. It is not likely to be possible to determine the exact amount lost accurately. TBD - any information on what's been reported?
| |
|
| |
|
| == Immediate Reactions == | | == Immediate Reactions == |
| Initial discussions largely took place on Reddit before the incident was reported by multiple news outlets.
| | How did the various parties involved (firm, platform, management, and/or affected individual(s)) deal with the events? Were services shut down? Were announcements made? Were groups formed? |
|
| |
|
| === Warnings Shared On Reddit === | | == Ultimate Outcome == |
| A convincing Trezor phishing scam has been reported, with emails sent from trezor.us. It is suspected that the scammers obtained leaked email addresses from the HubSpot breach or other crypto-related lists. The phishing email asks recipients to download the latest Trezor software suite to address a supposed security issue. Several users in the Reddit thread confirmed receiving the scam email, including those who used unique email addresses solely for their Trezor accounts. Some users suspect that Trezor might have experienced a data breach, while others are taking precautionary measures by changing their email addresses. One user mentioned that the email contained an embedded image tracker to capture recipients' IP addresses. It is recommended to report such phishing attempts to the appropriate authorities and to Trezor directly. Users who may have downloaded and installed the malicious software are advised to scan their systems for malware and consider taking further security measures<ref name=":4" />.
| | What was the end result? Was any investigation done? Were any individuals prosecuted? Was there a lawsuit? Was any tracing done? |
|
| |
|
| | == Total Amount Recovered == |
| | There do not appear to have been any funds recovered in this case. |
|
| |
|
| "Trezor wallet owners did not have a good Sunday morning after the hardware wallet provider revealed that some of its users were the target of a phishing attack over the weekend. On April 3, Crypto Twitter was filled with community warnings about an ongoing email phishing campaign targeting Trezor users via their registered email addresses."
| | What funds were recovered? What funds were reimbursed for those affected users? |
|
| |
|
| "Very convincing Trezor phishing scam being sent from trezor.us. Most likely leaked emails from HubSpot breach or other crypto-adjacent lists."
| | == Ongoing Developments == |
| | What parts of this case are still remaining to be concluded? |
| | == General Prevention Policies == |
| | Trezor put together a number of tips, but the largest tip is that hardware wallet users should never be entering their seed phrase anywhere except as instructed on the screen of the hardware device itself. |
| | == Individual Prevention Policies == |
| | {{Prevention:Individuals:Placeholder}} |
|
| |
|
| "Asks you to download latest Trezor software suite to address the security condition."
| | {{Prevention:Individuals:End}} |
|
| |
|
| | == Platform Prevention Policies == |
| | {{Prevention:Platforms:Placeholder}} |
|
| |
|
| "I happen to have clicked on the update and upon checking my wallet balance afterward, I realized both my bitcoin and Ethereum in the account were sent to unknown addresses in a space of 4 minutes interval."
| | {{Prevention:Platforms:End}} |
|
| |
|
| "Can someone please advise me on what best to do now and if I can ever be able to recover my coins? All suggestions will be appreciated as it is a substantial amount."
| | == Regulatory Prevention Policies == |
| | {{Prevention:Regulators:Placeholder}} |
|
| |
|
| “We immediately took steps to disable phishing sites and are taking further steps to stop the continuation of this phishing attack.” — Tomáš Sušánka, CTO of Trezor.
| | {{Prevention:Regulators:End}} |
|
| |
|
| "Cryptocurrency hardware wallet provider Trezor has begun formally investigating a possible data breach that has affected numerous users and may have compromised their personal information." "Trezor initially suspected that the compromised email addresses belonged to a list of users who opted-in for newsletters hosted on an American email marketing service provider Mailchimp." | | == References == |
| | | <references><ref name="reddit-7721">[https://www.reddit.com/r/TREZOR/comments/tuwfer/trezor_phishing_scam/ Trezor Phishing Scam : TREZOR] (Apr 2, 2022)</ref> |
| "The firm has begun investigating the data breach and has confirmed that its service has been compromised by ‘an insider targeting crypto companies.’ As the firm officially investigates the total number of stolen email addresses, they have advised users not to click on links coming from unofficial sources until further notice."
| |
|
| |
|
| "With this recent leak of personal information, Trezor users can expect an uptick in both the number of phishing attempts and their level of complexity. Some customers may even be the target of multiple “scareware” attacks, where threat actors use the compromised information to generate shock and anxiety in their targets, as to more easily manipulate them." | | <ref name="reddit-7722">[https://www.reddit.com/r/Bitcoin/comments/tuz1v0/trezor_breach_real_or_just_a_scam_email/ Trezor breach? Real or just a scam email? : Bitcoin] (Apr 2, 2022)</ref> |
|
| |
|
| === Users Report Phishing on Twitter ===
| | <ref name="trezor-6569">[https://trezor.io/ https://trezor.io/] (Feb 20, 2022)</ref> |
| <ref name="josearkanostwitter-7727" /><blockquote>"Wow, @Trezor, this is the best phishing attempt I have seen in the last few years. I am really lucky I don't have Trezor, because if I had, I would probably actually download that update."</blockquote> | |
|
| |
|
| === Users Confirming Phishing on Reddit ===
| | <ref name="trezor-6570">[https://trezor.io/security/ https://trezor.io/security/] (Feb 20, 2022)</ref> |
| Several other users also confirmed that they were contacted by the same phishing attempt, many on email addresses which were unique and only used for Trezor.<ref name="reddit-7721" /> TBD expand.
| |
|
| |
|
| === Trezor Acknowledges The Breach === | | <ref name="trezorwiki-7723">[https://wiki.trezor.io/Trezor https://wiki.trezor.io/Trezor] (May 21, 2022)</ref> |
|
| |
|
| == Ultimate Outcome == | | <ref name="trezortwitter-7724">[https://twitter.com/Trezor/status/1510558771944333312 @Trezor Twitter] (May 21, 2022)</ref> |
| Trezor completed an investigation on the incident and concluded the breach was related to the third party MailChimp servers. | |
|
| |
|
| | <ref name="yahoofinance-7725">[https://finance.yahoo.com/news/trezor-issues-data-breach-warning-160241180.html Trezor Issues Data Breach Warning As Users Cite Phishing Attacks] (May 21, 2022)</ref> |
|
| |
|
| "Trezor customer order data is purged after 90 days. The data contained in this leak originates from a separate database secured by a third party." | | <ref name="eteq-7726">[https://eteq.com/trezor-investigates-potential-information-breach-as-customers-cite-phishing-assaults/ Trezor Investigates Potential Information Breach As Customers Cite Phishing Assaults -] (May 21, 2022)</ref> |
|
| |
|
| "We are actively warning customers about the ongoing phishing attacks, having published warnings on our website and social media, and also within the Trezor Suite app. Please help us spread the word and minimize the harm these scammers cause." | | <ref name="josearkanostwitter-7727">[https://twitter.com/josearkanos/status/1510427249526427662 @josearkanos Twitter] (May 21, 2022)</ref> |
|
| |
|
| "We have already taken down many of the malicious sites associated with today’s attack. The team is working around the clock to bring the phishing sites down as soon as possible." | | <ref name="keff85twitter-7728">[https://twitter.com/keff85/status/1510400852716052480 @keff85 Twitter] (May 21, 2022)</ref> |
|
| |
|
| "While Trezor makes an try to determine the idea cause for the state of affairs with an official investigation, prospects are instructed to not click on on on hyperlinks coming from unofficial sources until extra uncover." "The only reason to worry about your funds is if you entered your seed into the malicious app. Your device can not be compromised or affected by this attack without explicitly typing your seed into your computer. Never enter your seed anywhere unless your Trezor device tells you to!" | | <ref name="classlawdc-7729">[https://classlawdc.com/2022/04/05/trezor-cryptocurrency-wallet-data-breach-investigation/ Trezor Cryptocurrency Wallet Data Breach Investigation | Migliaccio & Rathod LLP] (May 21, 2022)</ref> |
|
| |
|
| == Total Amount Recovered == | | <ref name="watcherguru-7730">[https://watcher.guru/news/trezor-data-breach-phishing-emails Possible data breach for Trezor as users report string of phishing emails] (May 21, 2022)</ref> |
| There do not appear to have been any funds recovered in this case.
| |
|
| |
|
| == Ongoing Developments ==
| | <ref name="watchergurutwitter-7731">[https://twitter.com/WatcherGuru/status/1510576038610452480 @WatcherGuru Twitter] (May 21, 2022)</ref> |
| While this situation has largely reached a conclusion, there is a potential class action lawsuit against Trezor underway. It is unclear if any investigation is ongoing to trace the funds on the blockchain.
| |
| | |
| === Potential Class Action Lawsuit ===
| |
| Law firm Migliaccio & Rathod LLP are reportedly investigating a potential class action against Trezor "for failing to adequately safeguard consumer information, resulting in a data breach"<ref name="classlawdc-7729" />. The breach, initially reported in March 2022, exposed the email addresses of users who had subscribed to Trezor's newsletter through MailChimp. The leaked email addresses have led to phishing scams targeting hardware wallet owners, aiming to obtain their 12-word recovery seeds and steal cryptocurrency assets. In addition to email addresses, the breach may have exposed users' phone numbers, addresses, and account passwords, which can be exploited in sophisticated attacks on recovery seeds. Users can anticipate an increase in both the number and complexity of phishing attempts, with some potentially experiencing multiple scareware attacks. If affected by the breach, Trezor users are encouraged to contact Migliaccio & Rathod LLP for assistance.
| |
| == Individual Prevention Policies ==
| |
| Trezor put together a number of tips, but the largest tip is that hardware wallet users should never be entering their seed phrase anywhere except on the screen of the hardware device itself. There is never any reason why a seed phrase should be entered on any other device such as a computer when using a hardware wallet.
| |
|
| |
|
| {{Prevention:Individual:Never Share Private Keys}}
| | <ref name="trezortwitter-8370">[https://twitter.com/trezor/status/1510548489884815361 @trezor Twitter] (Jul 6, 2022)</ref> |
|
| |
|
| {{Prevention:Individual:Always Verify Executables}}
| | <ref name="unnamed-11656">[https://twitter.com/cryptogelix/status/1510580356730261512 @cryptogelix Twitter] (Sep 11, 2023)</ref> |
|
| |
|
| {{Prevention:Individual:Store Funds Offline}}
| | <ref name="unnamed-11657">[https://twitter.com/WatcherGuru/status/1510593784861671431 @WatcherGuru Twitter] (Sep 11, 2023)</ref></references> |
| | |
| {{Prevention:Individuals:End}}
| |
| | |
| == Platform Prevention Policies ==
| |
| There are roughly three points of prevention and mitigation in this situation.
| |
| | |
| === Increased Education For Users ===
| |
| {{Prevention:Platforms:Cryptocurrency Safety Quiz}}
| |
| | |
| === Inspection of Trezor Third Parties ===
| |
| {{Prevention:Platforms:Supply Chain Assessment}}
| |
| | |
| {{Prevention:Platforms:Regular Audit Procedures}}
| |
| | |
| === Industry Insurance Fund For Victims ===
| |
| {{Prevention:Platforms:Establish Industry Insurance Fund}}
| |
| | |
| {{Prevention:Platforms:End}}
| |
| | |
| == Regulatory Prevention Policies ==
| |
| {{Prevention:Regulators:Placeholder}}
| |
| | |
| {{Prevention:Regulators:Cryptocurrency Education Mandate}}
| |
| | |
| {{Prevention:Regulators:End}}
| |
| | |
| == References ==
| |
| <references>
| |
| <ref name="reddit-7721">[https://www.reddit.com/r/TREZOR/comments/tuwfer/trezor_phishing_scam/ Trezor Phishing Scam - Trezor Subreddit] (Apr 2, 2022)</ref> | |
| <ref name="reddit-7722">[https://www.reddit.com/r/Bitcoin/comments/tuz1v0/trezor_breach_real_or_just_a_scam_email/ Trezor breach? Real or just a scam email? - Bitcoin Subreddit] (Apr 2, 2022)</ref>
| |
| <ref name="trezor-6569">[https://trezor.io/ Trezor Homepage] (Feb 20, 2022)</ref>
| |
| <ref name="trezor-6570">[https://trezor.io/security/ Privacy & Security - Trezor Homepage] (Feb 20, 2022)</ref>
| |
| <ref name="trezorwiki-7723">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220409080420/https://wiki.trezor.io/Trezor Trezor - Trezor Wiki Archive April 9th, 2022 2:04:20 AM MDT] (May 21, 2022)</ref>
| |
| <ref name="trezortwitter-7724">[https://twitter.com/Trezor/status/1510558771944333312 Trezor - "MailChimp have confirmed that their service has been compromised by an insider targeting crypto companies." - Twitter] (May 21, 2022)</ref>
| |
| <ref name="yahoofinance-7725">[https://finance.yahoo.com/news/trezor-issues-data-breach-warning-160241180.html Trezor Issues Data Breach Warning As Users Cite Phishing Attacks - Yahoo Finance] (May 21, 2022)</ref>
| |
| <ref name="eteq-7726">[https://cointelegraph.com/news/trezor-investigates-potential-data-breach-as-users-cite-phishing-attacks Trezor investigates potential data breach as users cite phishing attacks - CoinTelegraph] (May 21, 2022)</ref>
| |
| <ref name="josearkanostwitter-7727">[https://twitter.com/josearkanos/status/1510427249526427662 josearkanos - "Hey trezor, are you aware of a phishing campaign going on? I just received this email with my actual email on it. It looked very legit." - Twitter] (May 21, 2022)</ref>
| |
| <ref name="keff85twitter-7728">[https://twitter.com/keff85/status/1510400852716052480 Tomáš Kafka - "Wow, @Trezor, this is the best phishing attempt I have seen in the last few years. I am really lucky I don't have Trezor, because if I had, I would probably actually download that update." - Twitter] (May 21, 2022)</ref>
| |
| <ref name="classlawdc-7729">[https://classlawdc.com/2022/04/05/trezor-cryptocurrency-wallet-data-breach-investigation/ Trezor Cryptocurrency Wallet Data Breach Investigation - Migliaccio & Rathod LLP] (May 21, 2022)</ref>
| |
| <ref name="watcherguru-7730">[https://watcher.guru/news/trezor-data-breach-phishing-emails Possible data breach for Trezor as users report string of phishing emails - Watcher.Guru] (May 21, 2022)</ref>
| |
| <ref name="watchergurutwitter-7731">[https://twitter.com/WatcherGuru/status/1510576038610452480 WatcherGuru - "JUST IN: Trezor is investigating a possible data breach after several users reported an ongoing email phishing campaign." - Twitter] (May 21, 2022)</ref>
| |
| <ref name="trezortwitter-8370">[https://twitter.com/trezor/status/1510548489884815361 trezor - "We are investigating a potential data breach of an opt-in newsletter hosted on MailChimp. A scam email warning of a data breach is circulating. Do not open any email originating from noreply@trezor.us, it is a phishing domain." - Twitter] (Jul 6, 2022)</ref>
| |
| </references> | |
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Multiple users of the Trezor hardware wallet had their email addresses compromised, and the phishing attacker sent out a realistic, typo-free, and well planned attack complete with an altered version of the application, which requested their seed phrase. While the total value of the loss hasn't been publicized, at least one user was found who was reported to have entered the seed phrase and lost significant funds. There is no evidence that any funds will be recovered.
This is a global/international case not involving a specific country.[1][2][3][4][5][7][8][11][12][15][16]
About Trezor
"Trezor (or Trezor device) is the original and most trusted cryptocurrency hardware wallet designed and marketed by SatoshiLabs." "The safe place for your coins." "Store your coins with Trezor."
"The primary function of Trezor is to serve as a hardware wallet for cryptocurrencies. In addition to its primary function, it has many other security applications, such as password management and second-factor authentication." "Hardware wallet is the safest way to manage & trade your cryptocurrencies." "Online exchanges and wallet providers can disappear, go offline, be hacked. They are not reliable. Go offline. Store your coins with Trezor. Hardware wallet is the safest way to manage & trade your cryptocurrencies."
"The first generation of Trezor, first released on 29 July 2014, is currently known as Trezor One. The next-generation device is called Trezor Model T and was released on 26 February 2018."
"The Mailchimp security team disclosed that a malicious actor accessed an internal tool used by customer-facing teams for customer support and account administration. The bad actor gained access to this tool as a result of a successful social engineering attack on Mailchimp employees."
"Trezor wallet owners did not have a good Sunday morning after the hardware wallet provider revealed that some of its users were the target of a phishing attack over the weekend. On April 3, Crypto Twitter was filled with community warnings about an ongoing email phishing campaign targeting Trezor users via their registered email addresses."
"Very convincing Trezor phishing scam being sent from trezor.us. Most likely leaked emails from HubSpot breach or other crypto-adjacent lists."
"Asks you to download latest Trezor software suite to address the security condition."
"Unauthorized actors have attempted to contact Trezor users posing as the firm to scam unaware users out of their investments. Users received an email about downloading an app from a similar domain called ‘trezor.us’ instead of the official Trezor domain name, ‘trezor.io.’"
"We regret to inform you that Trezor has experienced a security incident involving data belonging to 106,856 of our customers, and that the wallet associated with your email address is within those affected by the breach."
"Namely, on Saturday, April 2nd, 2022, our security team discovered that one of the Trezor Suite administrative servers had been accessed by an unauthorized malicious actor." "At the moment, it's technically impossible to accurately assess the scope of the data breach. Due to these circumstances, if you've recently accessed your wallet using Trezor Suite, we must assume that your cryptocurrency assets are at risk of being stolen."
"In the spirit of transparency, we wanted to make our customers aware of this incident before malicious actors could utilize this information to their detriment. We felt time was of the essence, and we are expediently working through our investigation."
"If you're receiving this e-mail, it's because you've been affected by the breach. In order to protect your assets, please download the latest version of Trezor Suite and follow the instructions to set up a new PIN for your wallet."
"When you click on the link in the phishing email you are directed to download a Trezor Suite lookalike app, that will ask you to connect your wallet and enter your seed. The seed is compromised once you enter it into the app, and your funds will then be immediately transferred to the attackers wallet."
"This attack is exceptional in its sophistication and was clearly planned to a high level of detail. The phishing application is a cloned version of Trezor Suite with very realistic functionality, and also included a web version of the app."
"Wow, @Trezor, this is the best phishing attempt I have seen in the last few years. I am really lucky I don't have Trezor, because if I had, I would probably actually download that update."
"For this attack to be successful, users had to install the malicious software on their devices, at which point their operating system should identify that the software comes from an unknown source. This warning should not be ignored, all official software is digitally signed by SatoshiLabs."
"I happen to have clicked on the update and upon checking my wallet balance afterward, I realized both my bitcoin and Ethereum in the account were sent to unknown addresses in a space of 4 minutes interval."
"Can someone please advise me on what best to do now and if I can ever be able to recover my coins? All suggestions will be appreciated as it is a substantial amount."
“We immediately took steps to disable phishing sites and are taking further steps to stop the continuation of this phishing attack.” — Tomáš Sušánka, CTO of Trezor.
"Cryptocurrency hardware wallet provider Trezor has begun formally investigating a possible data breach that has affected numerous users and may have compromised their personal information." "Trezor initially suspected that the compromised email addresses belonged to a list of users who opted-in for newsletters hosted on an American email marketing service provider Mailchimp."
"The firm has begun investigating the data breach and has confirmed that its service has been compromised by ‘an insider targeting crypto companies.’ As the firm officially investigates the total number of stolen email addresses, they have advised users not to click on links coming from unofficial sources until further notice."
"With this recent leak of personal information, Trezor users can expect an uptick in both the number of phishing attempts and their level of complexity. Some customers may even be the target of multiple “scareware” attacks, where threat actors use the compromised information to generate shock and anxiety in their targets, as to more easily manipulate them."
"Migliaccio & Rathod LLP is currently investigating Trezor Company s.r.o, a hardware cryptocurrency wallet maker, for failing to adequately safeguard consumer information, resulting in a data breach. Initially reported on numerous cryptocurrency forums in March of 2022, the data breach involved the exposure of users’ email addresses who had subscribed to the company’s newsletter through the data processing company MailChimp."
"Trezor customer order data is purged after 90 days. The data contained in this leak originates from a separate database secured by a third party."
"We are actively warning customers about the ongoing phishing attacks, having published warnings on our website and social media, and also within the Trezor Suite app. Please help us spread the word and minimize the harm these scammers cause."
"We have already taken down many of the malicious sites associated with today’s attack. The team is working around the clock to bring the phishing sites down as soon as possible."
"While Trezor makes an try to determine the idea cause for the state of affairs with an official investigation, prospects are instructed to not click on on on hyperlinks coming from unofficial sources until extra uncover." "The only reason to worry about your funds is if you entered your seed into the malicious app. Your device can not be compromised or affected by this attack without explicitly typing your seed into your computer. Never enter your seed anywhere unless your Trezor device tells you to!"
This is a global/international case not involving a specific country.
The background of the exchange platform, service, or individuals involved, as it would have been seen or understood at the time of the events.
Include:
- Known history of when and how the service was started.
- What problems does the company or service claim to solve?
- What marketing materials were used by the firm or business?
- Audits performed, and excerpts that may have been included.
- Business registration documents shown (fake or legitimate).
- How were people recruited to participate?
- Public warnings and announcements prior to the event.
Don't Include:
- Any wording which directly states or implies that the business is/was illegitimate, or that a vulnerability existed.
- Anything that wasn't reasonably knowable at the time of the event.
There could be more than one section here. If the same platform is involved with multiple incidents, then it can be linked to a main article page.
The Reality
This sections is included if a case involved deception or information that was unknown at the time. Examples include:
- When the service was actually started (if different than the "official story").
- Who actually ran a service and their own personal history.
- How the service was structured behind the scenes. (For example, there was no "trading bot".)
- Details of what audits reported and how vulnerabilities were missed during auditing.
What Happened
The specific events of the loss and how it came about. What actually happened to cause the loss and some of the events leading up to it.
Key Event Timeline - Trezor Data Breach Phishing
| Date
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Event
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Description
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| April 2nd, 2022 5:32:42 PM MDT
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Main Event
|
Expand this into a brief description of what happened and the impact. If multiple lines are necessary, add them here.
|
|
|
|
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Technical Details
This section includes specific detailed technical analysis of any security breaches which happened. What specific software vulnerabilities contributed to the problem and how were they exploited?
Total Amount Lost
The total amount lost is unknown.
How much was lost and how was it calculated? If there are conflicting reports, which are accurate and where does the discrepancy lie?
Immediate Reactions
How did the various parties involved (firm, platform, management, and/or affected individual(s)) deal with the events? Were services shut down? Were announcements made? Were groups formed?
Ultimate Outcome
What was the end result? Was any investigation done? Were any individuals prosecuted? Was there a lawsuit? Was any tracing done?
Total Amount Recovered
There do not appear to have been any funds recovered in this case.
What funds were recovered? What funds were reimbursed for those affected users?
Ongoing Developments
What parts of this case are still remaining to be concluded?
General Prevention Policies
Trezor put together a number of tips, but the largest tip is that hardware wallet users should never be entering their seed phrase anywhere except as instructed on the screen of the hardware device itself.
Individual Prevention Policies
No specific policies for individual prevention have yet been identified in this case.
For the full list of how to protect your funds as an individual, check our Prevention Policies for Individuals guide.
Platform Prevention Policies
Policies for platforms to take to prevent this situation have not yet been selected in this case.
For the full list of how to protect your funds as a financial service, check our Prevention Policies for Platforms guide.
Regulatory Prevention Policies
No specific regulatory policies have yet been identified in this case.
For the full list of regulatory policies that can prevent loss, check our Prevention Policies for Regulators guide.
References
- ↑ Trezor Phishing Scam : TREZOR (Apr 2, 2022)
- ↑ Trezor breach? Real or just a scam email? : Bitcoin (Apr 2, 2022)
- ↑ https://trezor.io/ (Feb 20, 2022)
- ↑ https://trezor.io/security/ (Feb 20, 2022)
- ↑ https://wiki.trezor.io/Trezor (May 21, 2022)
- ↑ Trezor Issues Data Breach Warning As Users Cite Phishing Attacks (May 21, 2022)
- ↑ Trezor Investigates Potential Information Breach As Customers Cite Phishing Assaults - (May 21, 2022)
- ↑ Trezor Cryptocurrency Wallet Data Breach Investigation | Migliaccio & Rathod LLP (May 21, 2022)
- ↑ Possible data breach for Trezor as users report string of phishing emails (May 21, 2022)
- ↑ @cryptogelix Twitter (Sep 11, 2023)
- ↑ @WatcherGuru Twitter (Sep 11, 2023)