Rai Finance ChainSwap Breach - Revision history

Azoundria at 17:49, 3 May 2023

2023-05-03T17:49:59Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:49, 3 May 2023
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Imported Case Study\|source=https://www.quadrigainitiative.com/casestudy/raifinancechainswapbreach.php}}		{{Imported Case Study 2\|source=https://www.quadrigainitiative.com/casestudy/raifinancechainswapbreach.php}}
	{{Unattributed Sources}}		{{Unattributed Sources}}

Line 6:		Line 6:
	The ChainSwap bridge was hacked, and the attacker was able to obtain the tokens, which were sold right away on Huobi. Rai Finance has now stopped using ChainSwap and will develop their own bridge.		The ChainSwap bridge was hacked, and the attacker was able to obtain the tokens, which were sold right away on Huobi. Rai Finance has now stopped using ChainSwap and will develop their own bridge.

	This is a global/international case not involving a specific country.		This is a global/international case not involving a specific country.<ref name="theblockbeats-2619" /><ref name="chainswapmedium-2627" /><ref name="etherscan-2628" /><ref name="decrypt-2629" /><ref name="chainswaptwitter-2624" /><ref name="halborn-2630" /><ref name="cryptobriefing-2631" /><ref name="chainswapmedium-3239" /><ref name="rektnews-3240" /><ref name="openblocksecgithub-2342" /><ref name="raifinance-3332" /><ref name="raifinancemedium-3333" /><ref name="raifinancetwitter-3334" /><ref name="reddit-3335" /><ref name="raifinancemedium-3336" /><ref name="raifinancemedium-2785" /><ref name="losslesscashmedium-7654" /><ref name="cryptopotato-7657" />
	<ref name="theblockbeats-2619" /><ref name="chainswapmedium-2627" /><ref name="etherscan-2628" /><ref name="decrypt-2629" /><ref name="chainswaptwitter-2624" /><ref name="halborn-2630" /><ref name="cryptobriefing-2631" /><ref name="chainswapmedium-3239" /><ref name="rektnews-3240" /><ref name="openblocksecgithub-2342" /><ref name="raifinance-3332" /><ref name="raifinancemedium-3333" /><ref name="raifinancetwitter-3334" /><ref name="reddit-3335" /><ref name="raifinancemedium-3336" /><ref name="raifinancemedium-2785" /><ref name="losslesscashmedium-7654" /><ref name="cryptopotato-7657" />

	== About Rai Finance ==		== About Rai Finance ==
Line 69:		Line 68:
	!Description		!Description
	\|-		\|-
	\|July 11th, 2021 ~~12:00:00 AM~~		\|July 11th, 2021
	\|Main Event		\|Main Event
	\|Expand this into a brief description of what happened and the impact. If multiple lines are necessary, add them here.		\|Expand this into a brief description of what happened and the impact. If multiple lines are necessary, add them here.
Line 77:		Line 76:
	\|		\|
	\|}		\|}

			== Technical Details ==
			This section includes specific detailed technical analysis of any security breaches which happened. What specific software vulnerabilities contributed to the problem and how were they exploited?

	== Total Amount Lost ==		== Total Amount Lost ==
Line 96:		Line 98:
	== Ongoing Developments ==		== Ongoing Developments ==
	What parts of this case are still remaining to be concluded?		What parts of this case are still remaining to be concluded?
			== General Prevention Policies ==
	== Prevention Policies ==
	Theoretically, decentralized finance will eventually result in hackers having exploited every vulnerability that exists. However, it's impossible to know when that will occur and if a contract is truly secure, as opposed to there still being an exploit that just hasn't been noticed yet. For any complex smart contract, it's impossible to prove security and plenty of fully audited contracts have been exploited.		Theoretically, decentralized finance will eventually result in hackers having exploited every vulnerability that exists. However, it's impossible to know when that will occur and if a contract is truly secure, as opposed to there still being an exploit that just hasn't been noticed yet. For any complex smart contract, it's impossible to prove security and plenty of fully audited contracts have been exploited.

	In this situation, there was luckily not much taken. Platforms should, generally, be prepared for the full loss of all assets stored in hot wallets (including smart contracts). Assets that do not need to be accessed quickly should be stored securely in a simple offline multi-signature wallet.		In this situation, there was luckily not much taken. Platforms should, generally, be prepared for the full loss of all assets stored in hot wallets (including smart contracts). Assets that do not need to be accessed quickly should be stored securely in a simple offline multi-signature wallet.
			== Individual Prevention Policies ==
			{{Prevention:Individuals:Placeholder}}

			{{Prevention:Individuals:End}}

			== Platform Prevention Policies ==
			{{Prevention:Platforms:Placeholder}}

			{{Prevention:Platforms:End}}

			== Regulatory Prevention Policies ==
			{{Prevention:Regulators:Placeholder}}

			{{Prevention:Regulators:End}}

	== References ==		== References ==

Azoundria at 03:51, 23 February 2023

2023-02-23T03:51:48Z

Azoundria: Created page with "{{Imported Case Study|source=https://www.quadrigainitiative.com/casestudy/raifinancechainswapbreach.php}} Rai FinanceRai Finance is a service for issuing and trading tokenized securities, NFTs, and various decentralized assets. Their token used ChainSwap to exist on multiple blockchains, which required some funds to be stored in the smart contract hot wallet. The ChainSwap bridge was hacked, and the attacker was able to obtain the tokens,..."

2023-01-27T21:01:35Z

Created page with "{{Imported Case Study|source=https://www.quadrigainitiative.com/casestudy/raifinancechainswapbreach.php}} thumb|Rai FinanceRai Finance is a service for issuing and trading tokenized securities, NFTs, and various decentralized assets. Their token used ChainSwap to exist on multiple blockchains, which required some funds to be stored in the smart contract hot wallet. The ChainSwap bridge was hacked, and the attacker was able to obtain the tokens,..."

New page

{{Imported Case Study|source=https://www.quadrigainitiative.com/casestudy/raifinancechainswapbreach.php}}

[[File:Raifinance.jpg|thumb|Rai Finance]]Rai Finance is a service for issuing and trading tokenized securities, NFTs, and various decentralized assets. Their token used ChainSwap to exist on multiple blockchains, which required some funds to be stored in the smart contract hot wallet.

The ChainSwap bridge was hacked, and the attacker was able to obtain the tokens, which were sold right away on Huobi. Rai Finance has now stopped using ChainSwap and will develop their own bridge.

This is a global/international case not involving a specific country.

== About Rai Finance ==
"RAI Finance aims to become the epicenter of Web3.0 world. Based on Polkadot technology and ecosystem, RAI Finance is going to create a new decentralized finance(DeFi) service, realizing a polymerized connection of multipul areas like creation of blockchain assets, cross-chain trading and social function." "The fastest way to swap-and-go your multi-chain assets."

"RAI Finance supports the issuance and trading of tokenized securities, NFTs, and various decentralized assets. It is a project that aims to secure cross-chain compatibility, high scalability, and low fees through integration into the Polkadot network. RAI Finance’s main partners include League of Traders, Wizpace, the founders of DEXEOS, and STP Network, a smart contract asset tokenization platform. RAI Finance is receiving worldwide attention recently by attracting successive strategic investments from VCs such as Alphabit and NGC."

"We are pleased to announce the recent achievement of RAI Finance’s remarkable milestone, and we will keep expanding our ecosystem to support more future applications. Firstly, RAI Finance’s v0 product will be released online soon. Secondly, RAI tokens have been launched on the Binance Smart Chain. Initially, The v0 product will be running on the BSC." Use "the Chainswap cross-chain bridge to swap RAI token between Ethereum Network and Binance Smart Chain."

"ChainSwap is a bridge protocol that links the Ethereum and Binance Smart Chain (BSC) blockchains." "It supports Binance Smart Chain, Ethereum, Polygon, and Huobi Eco Chain." "The ChainSwap hacker identified and exploited a vulnerability in the ChainSwap smart contract. This vulnerability enabled them to steal and mint new tokens for various protocols that were using the bridge to trade across Ethereum and BSC."

Investigation by ChainSwap revealed "a bug in the token cross-chain quota code. The on-chain swap bridge quota is automatically increased by the signature node, which is intended to be more decentralized without manual control. However, due to a logical flaw in code, this led to an exploit by allowing invalid addresses which weren’t whitelisted to automatically increase the amount."

"It was confirmed that @chain_swap is under a huge attack. 707133 $RAI have been exploited and deposited to the hacker’s Huobi wallet." "On July 10th, our team acknowledged that 707,133 RAI are exploited from the Chainswap wallet and deposited to Hacker’s Huobi Global Wallet. Due to the late-night hour in the Chainswap team’s time zone, the exchange team could not react to this attack."

"The attacker managed to take control of the projects’ BSC contracts by exploiting ChainSwap. The attacker minted tokens directly to their address, then sold them on BSC’s most popular decentralized exchange, PancakeSwap." "[T]he attacker used the PancakeSwap exchange to convert the stolen tokens to WBNB, DAI, and other tokens."

"Please bear with the temporary fluctuation of RAI price on the trading platform, we are in constant contact with the Chainswap team and monitoring the situation," the project's owner tweeted. "Please endure the volatility of RAI token price within a short period of time on listed exchanges. We advise the community not to panic because the amount is not huge compared to RAI Finance's current market cap. We will constantly monitor this issue and try to maintain the token price." "We are constantly in touch with #Chainswap team and monitoring the situation."

"For now, Chainswap has temporarily closed its cross-chain bridge." "ChainSwap worked with the police and OKEx to identify the attackers, and managed to negotiate the recovery of Corra and Rai tokens. An initial email with the attackers suggested the attackers return $1 million."

“Sorry for the trouble, you sound genuinely like great people but money is money,” the attackers of the earlier exploit told ChainSwap.

"ChainSwap is excited to announce that we have successfully integrated with Anyswap and Chainswap bridge is now live. We thank our community for its patience during the last few weeks."

Rai Finance reports they are "seriously taking this issue and will do [their] best to protect the interest of [their] community. Since this has been the second attack on Chainswap, and this is also a smart contract security issue of Chainswap, [they] will replace the cross-chain bridge partner."

This is a global/international case not involving a specific country.

The background of the exchange platform, service, or individuals involved, as it would have been seen or understood at the time of the events.

Include:

* Known history of when and how the service was started.
* What problems does the company or service claim to solve?
* What marketing materials were used by the firm or business?
* Audits performed, and excerpts that may have been included.
* Business registration documents shown (fake or legitimate).
* How were people recruited to participate?
* Public warnings and announcements prior to the event.

Don't Include:
* Any wording which directly states or implies that the business is/was illegitimate, or that a vulnerability existed.
* Anything that wasn't reasonably knowable at the time of the event.
There could be more than one section here. If the same platform is involved with multiple incidents, then it can be linked to a main article page.

== The Reality ==
This sections is included if a case involved deception or information that was unknown at the time. Examples include:

* When the service was actually started (if different than the "official story").
* Who actually ran a service and their own personal history.
* How the service was structured behind the scenes. (For example, there was no "trading bot".)
* Details of what audits reported and how vulnerabilities were missed during auditing.

== What Happened ==
The specific events of the loss and how it came about. What actually happened to cause the loss and some of the events leading up to it.
{| class="wikitable"
|+Key Event Timeline - Rai Finance ChainSwap Breach
!Date
!Event
!Description
|-
|July 11th, 2021 12:00:00 AM
|Main Event
|Expand this into a brief description of what happened and the impact. If multiple lines are necessary, add them here.
|-
|
|
|
|}

== Total Amount Lost ==
The total amount lost has been estimated at $530,000 USD.

How much was lost and how was it calculated? If there are conflicting reports, which are accurate and where does the discrepancy lie?

== Immediate Reactions ==
How did the various parties involved (firm, platform, management, and/or affected individual(s)) deal with the events? Were services shut down? Were announcements made? Were groups formed?

== Ultimate Outcome ==
What was the end result? Was any investigation done? Were any individuals prosecuted? Was there a lawsuit? Was any tracing done?

== Total Amount Recovered ==
There do not appear to have been any funds recovered in this case.

What funds were recovered? What funds were reimbursed for those affected users?

== Ongoing Developments ==
What parts of this case are still remaining to be concluded?

== Prevention Policies ==
Theoretically, decentralized finance will eventually result in hackers having exploited every vulnerability that exists. However, it's impossible to know when that will occur and if a contract is truly secure, as opposed to there still being an exploit that just hasn't been noticed yet. For any complex smart contract, it's impossible to prove security and plenty of fully audited contracts have been exploited.

In this situation, there was luckily not much taken. Platforms should, generally, be prepared for the full loss of all assets stored in hot wallets (including smart contracts). Assets that do not need to be accessed quickly should be stored securely in a simple offline multi-signature wallet.

== References ==
[https://www.theblockbeats.com/en/news/25348 Chainswap Black Sunday, over 20 DEFI projects were stolen - 律动BlockBeats] (Aug 23)

[https://chain-swap.medium.com/chainswap-exploit-11-july-2021-post-mortem-6e4e346e5a32 ChainSwap Exploit 11 July 2021 Post-Mortem | by ChainSwap | Medium] (Aug 23)

[https://etherscan.io/address/0x06c24002f43e3AF904EeEc581734EA3A7DbF355E#code MappableToken | 0x06c24002f43e3AF904EeEc581734EA3A7DbF355E] (Aug 23)

[https://decrypt.co/75698/chainswap-exploit-leads-to-multi-million-loss-for-defi-tokens ChainSwap Exploit Leads to Multi-Million Loss For DeFi Tokens - Decrypt] (Aug 23)

[https://twitter.com/chain_swap/status/1414019554603307017 @chain_swap Twitter] (Aug 23)

[https://halborn.com/explained-the-chainswap-hack-july-2021/ Explained: The ChainSwap Hack (July 2021) - Halborn] (Aug 23)

[https://cryptobriefing.com/8-million-lost-major-chainswap-exploit/ $8 Million Lost in Major ChainSwap Exploit | Crypto Briefing] (Aug 23)

[https://chain-swap.medium.com/chainswap-re-launch-we-are-live-5e85d2f9c80f ChainSwap re-launch, we are live. ChainSwap is excited to announce that… | by ChainSwap | Medium] (Aug 28)

[https://www.rekt.news/chainswap-rekt/ Rekt - ChainSwap - REKT] (Aug 28)

[https://github.com/openblocksec/blocksec-incidents/blob/main/defi/2021.md blocksec-incidents/2021.md at main · openblocksec/blocksec-incidents · GitHub] (Aug 10)

[https://rai.finance/ RAI Finance] (Sep 14)

[https://medium.com/rai-finance/rai-finance-team-updates-of-attack-on-chainswap-f364d55c6e41 Rai Finance Team Updates Of Attack On Chainswap] (Sep 20)

[https://twitter.com/RaiFinance/status/1413995118550523913 @RaiFinance Twitter] (Sep 20)

[https://www.reddit.com/r/CryptoMarkets/comments/mpdxjf/rai_finance_now_expand_its_ecosystem_to_binance/ RAI Finance Now Expand its Ecosystem to Binance Smart Chain and Chainswap platforms. : CryptoMarkets] (Sep 20)

[https://medium.com/rai-finance/a-letter-from-rai-finance-to-the-community-a414796173e2 A Letter From Rai Finance To The Community] (Sep 20)

[https://medium.com/rai-finance/hacker-has-returned-part-of-the-rai-stolen-due-to-a-loophole-in-the-chainswap-contract-9b1161eafc51 Hacker Has Returned Part Of The Rai Stolen Due To A Loophole In The Chainswap Contract] (Jul 23)

[https://losslesscash.medium.com/chainswap-post-mortem-deep-dive-into-the-exploit-b5e7d2f58758 Chainswap Post Mortem Deep Dive Into The Exploit] (May 7)

[https://cryptopotato.com/random-numbers-dont-lie-a-closer-technical-look-into-recent-defi-hacks/ Random Numbers Don’t Lie: A Closer Technical Look into Recent DeFi Hacks] (May 7)

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:51, 22 February 2023
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Imported Case Study\|source=https://www.quadrigainitiative.com/casestudy/raifinancechainswapbreach.php}}		{{Imported Case Study\|source=https://www.quadrigainitiative.com/casestudy/raifinancechainswapbreach.php}}
			{{Unattributed Sources}}

	[[File:Raifinance.jpg\|thumb\|Rai Finance]]Rai Finance is a service for issuing and trading tokenized securities, NFTs, and various decentralized assets. Their token used ChainSwap to exist on multiple blockchains, which required some funds to be stored in the smart contract hot wallet.		[[File:Raifinance.jpg\|thumb\|Rai Finance]]Rai Finance is a service for issuing and trading tokenized securities, NFTs, and various decentralized assets. Their token used ChainSwap to exist on multiple blockchains, which required some funds to be stored in the smart contract hot wallet.
Line 6:		Line 7:

	This is a global/international case not involving a specific country.		This is a global/international case not involving a specific country.
			<ref name="theblockbeats-2619" /><ref name="chainswapmedium-2627" /><ref name="etherscan-2628" /><ref name="decrypt-2629" /><ref name="chainswaptwitter-2624" /><ref name="halborn-2630" /><ref name="cryptobriefing-2631" /><ref name="chainswapmedium-3239" /><ref name="rektnews-3240" /><ref name="openblocksecgithub-2342" /><ref name="raifinance-3332" /><ref name="raifinancemedium-3333" /><ref name="raifinancetwitter-3334" /><ref name="reddit-3335" /><ref name="raifinancemedium-3336" /><ref name="raifinancemedium-2785" /><ref name="losslesscashmedium-7654" /><ref name="cryptopotato-7657" />

	== About Rai Finance ==		== About Rai Finance ==
Line 101:		Line 103:

	== References ==		== References ==
	[https://www.theblockbeats.com/en/news/25348 Chainswap Black Sunday, over 20 DEFI projects were stolen - 律动BlockBeats] (Aug 23)		<references><ref name="theblockbeats-2619">[https://www.theblockbeats.com/en/news/25348 Chainswap Black Sunday, over 20 DEFI projects were stolen - 律动BlockBeats] (Aug 24, 2021)</ref>

	[https://chain-swap.medium.com/chainswap-exploit-11-july-2021-post-mortem-6e4e346e5a32 ChainSwap Exploit 11 July 2021 Post-Mortem \| by ChainSwap \| Medium] (Aug 23)		<ref name="chainswapmedium-2627">[https://chain-swap.medium.com/chainswap-exploit-11-july-2021-post-mortem-6e4e346e5a32 ChainSwap Exploit 11 July 2021 Post-Mortem \| by ChainSwap \| Medium] (Aug 24, 2021)</ref>

	[https://etherscan.io/address/0x06c24002f43e3AF904EeEc581734EA3A7DbF355E#code MappableToken \| 0x06c24002f43e3AF904EeEc581734EA3A7DbF355E] (Aug 23)		<ref name="etherscan-2628">[https://etherscan.io/address/0x06c24002f43e3AF904EeEc581734EA3A7DbF355E#code MappableToken \| 0x06c24002f43e3AF904EeEc581734EA3A7DbF355E] (Aug 24, 2021)</ref>

	[https://decrypt.co/75698/chainswap-exploit-leads-to-multi-million-loss-for-defi-tokens ChainSwap Exploit Leads to Multi-Million Loss For DeFi Tokens - Decrypt] (Aug 23)		<ref name="decrypt-2629">[https://decrypt.co/75698/chainswap-exploit-leads-to-multi-million-loss-for-defi-tokens ChainSwap Exploit Leads to Multi-Million Loss For DeFi Tokens - Decrypt] (Aug 24, 2021)</ref>

	[https://twitter.com/chain_swap/status/1414019554603307017 @chain_swap Twitter] (Aug 23)		<ref name="chainswaptwitter-2624">[https://twitter.com/chain_swap/status/1414019554603307017 @chain_swap Twitter] (Aug 24, 2021)</ref>

	[https://halborn.com/explained-the-chainswap-hack-july-2021/ Explained: The ChainSwap Hack (July 2021) - Halborn] (Aug 23)		<ref name="halborn-2630">[https://halborn.com/explained-the-chainswap-hack-july-2021/ Explained: The ChainSwap Hack (July 2021) - Halborn] (Aug 24, 2021)</ref>

	[https://cryptobriefing.com/8-million-lost-major-chainswap-exploit/ $8 Million Lost in Major ChainSwap Exploit \| Crypto Briefing] (Aug 23)		<ref name="cryptobriefing-2631">[https://cryptobriefing.com/8-million-lost-major-chainswap-exploit/ $8 Million Lost in Major ChainSwap Exploit \| Crypto Briefing] (Aug 24, 2021)</ref>

	[https://chain-swap.medium.com/chainswap-re-launch-we-are-live-5e85d2f9c80f ChainSwap re-launch, we are live. ChainSwap is excited to announce that… \| by ChainSwap \| Medium] (Aug 28)		<ref name="chainswapmedium-3239">[https://chain-swap.medium.com/chainswap-re-launch-we-are-live-5e85d2f9c80f ChainSwap re-launch, we are live. ChainSwap is excited to announce that… \| by ChainSwap \| Medium] (Aug 29, 2021)</ref>

	[https://www.rekt.news/chainswap-rekt/ Rekt - ChainSwap - REKT] (Aug 28)		<ref name="rektnews-3240">[https://www.rekt.news/chainswap-rekt/ Rekt - ChainSwap - REKT] (Aug 29, 2021)</ref>

	[https://github.com/openblocksec/blocksec-incidents/blob/main/defi/2021.md blocksec-incidents/2021.md at main · openblocksec/blocksec-incidents · GitHub] (Aug 10)		<ref name="openblocksecgithub-2342">[https://github.com/openblocksec/blocksec-incidents/blob/main/defi/2021.md blocksec-incidents/2021.md at main · openblocksec/blocksec-incidents · GitHub] (Aug 11, 2021)</ref>

	[https://rai.finance/ RAI Finance] (Sep 14)		<ref name="raifinance-3332">[https://rai.finance/ RAI Finance] (Sep 15, 2021)</ref>

	[https://medium.com/rai-finance/rai-finance-team-updates-of-attack-on-chainswap-f364d55c6e41 Rai Finance Team Updates Of Attack On Chainswap] (Sep 20)		<ref name="raifinancemedium-3333">[https://medium.com/rai-finance/rai-finance-team-updates-of-attack-on-chainswap-f364d55c6e41 Rai Finance Team Updates Of Attack On Chainswap] (Sep 21, 2021)</ref>

	[https://twitter.com/RaiFinance/status/1413995118550523913 @RaiFinance Twitter] (Sep 20)		<ref name="raifinancetwitter-3334">[https://twitter.com/RaiFinance/status/1413995118550523913 @RaiFinance Twitter] (Sep 21, 2021)</ref>

	[https://www.reddit.com/r/CryptoMarkets/comments/mpdxjf/rai_finance_now_expand_its_ecosystem_to_binance/ RAI Finance Now Expand its Ecosystem to Binance Smart Chain and Chainswap platforms. : CryptoMarkets] (Sep 20)		<ref name="reddit-3335">[https://www.reddit.com/r/CryptoMarkets/comments/mpdxjf/rai_finance_now_expand_its_ecosystem_to_binance/ RAI Finance Now Expand its Ecosystem to Binance Smart Chain and Chainswap platforms. : CryptoMarkets] (Sep 21, 2021)</ref>

	[https://medium.com/rai-finance/a-letter-from-rai-finance-to-the-community-a414796173e2 A Letter From Rai Finance To The Community] (Sep 20)		<ref name="raifinancemedium-3336">[https://medium.com/rai-finance/a-letter-from-rai-finance-to-the-community-a414796173e2 A Letter From Rai Finance To The Community] (Sep 21, 2021)</ref>

	[https://medium.com/rai-finance/hacker-has-returned-part-of-the-rai-stolen-due-to-a-loophole-in-the-chainswap-contract-9b1161eafc51 Hacker Has Returned Part Of The Rai Stolen Due To A Loophole In The Chainswap Contract] (Jul 23)		<ref name="raifinancemedium-2785">[https://medium.com/rai-finance/hacker-has-returned-part-of-the-rai-stolen-due-to-a-loophole-in-the-chainswap-contract-9b1161eafc51 Hacker Has Returned Part Of The Rai Stolen Due To A Loophole In The Chainswap Contract] (Jul 24, 2021)</ref>

	[https://losslesscash.medium.com/chainswap-post-mortem-deep-dive-into-the-exploit-b5e7d2f58758 Chainswap Post Mortem Deep Dive Into The Exploit] (May 7)		<ref name="losslesscashmedium-7654">[https://losslesscash.medium.com/chainswap-post-mortem-deep-dive-into-the-exploit-b5e7d2f58758 Chainswap Post Mortem Deep Dive Into The Exploit] (May 7, 2022)</ref>

	[https://cryptopotato.com/random-numbers-dont-lie-a-closer-technical-look-into-recent-defi-hacks/ Random Numbers Don’t Lie: A Closer Technical Look into Recent DeFi Hacks] (May 7)		<ref name="cryptopotato-7657">[https://cryptopotato.com/random-numbers-dont-lie-a-closer-technical-look-into-recent-defi-hacks/ Random Numbers Don’t Lie: A Closer Technical Look into Recent DeFi Hacks] (May 7, 2022)</ref></references>