Origin Protocol Hack - Revision history

Azoundria at 17:58, 2 May 2023

2023-05-02T17:58:31Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:58, 2 May 2023
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Imported Case Study\|source=https://www.quadrigainitiative.com/casestudy/originprotocolhack.php}}		{{Imported Case Study 2\|source=https://www.quadrigainitiative.com/casestudy/originprotocolhack.php}}
	{{Unattributed ~~Citations~~}}		{{Unattributed Sources}}

	[[File:Originprotocol.jpg\|thumb\|Origin Protocol]]The origin protocol smart contract failed to check that one of the inputs into a function was a valid stablecoin. As a result, the hacker was able to create additional coins in the protocol and remove funds.		[[File:Originprotocol.jpg\|thumb\|Origin Protocol]]The origin protocol smart contract failed to check that one of the inputs into a function was a valid stablecoin. As a result, the hacker was able to create additional coins in the protocol and remove funds.
Line 6:		Line 6:
	Origin Protocol came out with an ambitious plan to reimburse their affected users over time.		Origin Protocol came out with an ambitious plan to reimburse their affected users over time.

	This is a global/international case not involving a specific country.		This is a global/international case not involving a specific country.<ref name="newsdotbitcoin-597" /><ref name="rekt-513" /><ref name="rekt-598" /><ref name="originprotocolmedium-599" /><ref name="originprotocolmedium-600" /><ref name="financemagnates-601" /><ref name="originprotocoltwitter-602" /><ref name="cryptobriefing-603" /><ref name="newsdotbitcoin-604" /><ref name="blockchain-605" /><ref name="blockchain-606" /><ref name="cryptoticker-607" /><ref name="decrypt-608" /><ref name="originprotocolmedium-609" /><ref name="coinmarketcap-610" /><ref name="portswigger-842" /><ref name="ciphertrace-1152" /><ref name="slowmisthacked-678" /><ref name="certik-1776" />
	<ref name="newsdotbitcoin-597" /><ref name="rekt-513" /><ref name="rekt-598" /><ref name="originprotocolmedium-599" /><ref name="originprotocolmedium-600" /><ref name="financemagnates-601" /><ref name="originprotocoltwitter-602" /><ref name="cryptobriefing-603" /><ref name="newsdotbitcoin-604" /><ref name="blockchain-605" /><ref name="blockchain-606" /><ref name="cryptoticker-607" /><ref name="decrypt-608" /><ref name="originprotocolmedium-609" /><ref name="coinmarketcap-610" /><ref name="portswigger-842" /><ref name="ciphertrace-1152" /><ref name="slowmisthacked-678" /><ref name="certik-1776" />

	== About Origin Protocol ==		== About Origin Protocol ==
Line 57:		Line 56:
	!Description		!Description
	\|-		\|-
	\|November 17th, 2020 ~~12:00:00 AM~~		\|November 17th, 2020
	\|Main Event		\|Main Event
	\|Expand this into a brief description of what happened and the impact. If multiple lines are necessary, add them here.		\|Expand this into a brief description of what happened and the impact. If multiple lines are necessary, add them here.
Line 65:		Line 64:
	\|		\|
	\|}		\|}

			== Technical Details ==
			This section includes specific detailed technical analysis of any security breaches which happened. What specific software vulnerabilities contributed to the problem and how were they exploited?

	== Total Amount Lost ==		== Total Amount Lost ==
Line 84:		Line 86:
	== Ongoing Developments ==		== Ongoing Developments ==
	What parts of this case are still remaining to be concluded?		What parts of this case are still remaining to be concluded?
			== General Prevention Policies ==
	== Prevention Policies ==
	It goes without saying that the decentralized finance space is still new and emerging.		It goes without saying that the decentralized finance space is still new and emerging.

Line 91:		Line 92:

	Better security can be achieved through offline storage of funds in a multi-signature wallet.		Better security can be achieved through offline storage of funds in a multi-signature wallet.
			== Individual Prevention Policies ==
			{{Prevention:Individuals:Placeholder}}

			{{Prevention:Individuals:End}}

			== Platform Prevention Policies ==
			{{Prevention:Platforms:Placeholder}}

			{{Prevention:Platforms:End}}

			== Regulatory Prevention Policies ==
			{{Prevention:Regulators:Placeholder}}

			{{Prevention:Regulators:End}}

	== References ==		== References ==
	<references><ref name="newsdotbitcoin-597">[https://news.bitcoin.com/origin-defi-protocol-suffers-massive-flash-loan-attack-ousd-stablecoin-value-plunges-85/ Origin Defi Protocol Suffers Massive Flash Loan Attack- OUSD Stablecoin Value Plunges 85% – Altcoins Bitcoin News] (May 12, 2021)</ref>		<references><ref name="newsdotbitcoin-597">[https://news.bitcoin.com/origin-defi-protocol-suffers-massive-flash-loan-attack-ousd-stablecoin-value-plunges-85/ Origin Defi Protocol Suffers Massive Flash Loan Attack- OUSD Stablecoin Value Plunges 85% – Altcoins Bitcoin News] (May 13, 2021)</ref>

	<ref name="rekt-513">[https://rekt.news/leaderboard/ Rekt - Leaderboard] (May 12, 2021)</ref>		<ref name="rekt-513">[https://rekt.news/leaderboard/ Rekt - Leaderboard] (May 13, 2021)</ref>

	<ref name="rekt-598">[https://rekt.news/hack-epidemic/ Rekt - Hack Epidemic (Origin Protocol - REKT)] (May 15, 2021)</ref>		<ref name="rekt-598">[https://rekt.news/hack-epidemic/ Rekt - Hack Epidemic (Origin Protocol - REKT)] (May 16, 2021)</ref>

	<ref name="originprotocolmedium-599">[https://medium.com/originprotocol/urgent-ousd-has-hacked-and-there-has-been-a-loss-of-funds-7b8c4a7d534c Urgent: OUSD Has Been Hacked And There Has Been a Loss of Funds] (May 15, 2021)</ref>		<ref name="originprotocolmedium-599">[https://medium.com/originprotocol/urgent-ousd-has-hacked-and-there-has-been-a-loss-of-funds-7b8c4a7d534c Urgent: OUSD Has Been Hacked And There Has Been a Loss of Funds] (May 16, 2021)</ref>

	<ref name="originprotocolmedium-600">[https://medium.com/originprotocol/origin-dollar-ousd-detailed-compensation-plan-faa73f87442e Origin Dollar OUSD Detailed Compensation Plan] (May 15, 2021)</ref>		<ref name="originprotocolmedium-600">[https://medium.com/originprotocol/origin-dollar-ousd-detailed-compensation-plan-faa73f87442e Origin Dollar OUSD Detailed Compensation Plan] (May 16, 2021)</ref>

	<ref name="financemagnates-601">[https://www.financemagnates.com/cryptocurrency/news/origin-protocol-confirms-7-million-hack/ Origin Protocol Confirms $7 Million Hack \| Finance Magnates] (May 15, 2021)</ref>		<ref name="financemagnates-601">[https://www.financemagnates.com/cryptocurrency/news/origin-protocol-confirms-7-million-hack/ Origin Protocol Confirms $7 Million Hack \| Finance Magnates] (May 16, 2021)</ref>

	<ref name="originprotocoltwitter-602">[https://twitter.com/originprotocol/status/1329832909369470978 @originprotocol Twitter] (May 15, 2021)</ref>		<ref name="originprotocoltwitter-602">[https://twitter.com/originprotocol/status/1329832909369470978 @originprotocol Twitter] (May 16, 2021)</ref>

	<ref name="cryptobriefing-603">[https://cryptobriefing.com/origin-protocol-relaunches-stablecoin-following-hack/ Origin Protocol Relaunches Stablecoin Following Hack \| Crypto Briefing] (May 15, 2021)</ref>		<ref name="cryptobriefing-603">[https://cryptobriefing.com/origin-protocol-relaunches-stablecoin-following-hack/ Origin Protocol Relaunches Stablecoin Following Hack \| Crypto Briefing] (May 16, 2021)</ref>

	<ref name="newsdotbitcoin-604">[https://news.bitcoin.com/flash-loan-attack-origin-protocol-unveils-compensation-plan-that-excludes-founders/ Flash Loan Attack: Origin Protocol Unveils Compensation Plan that Excludes Founders – Altcoins Bitcoin News] (May 15, 2021)</ref>		<ref name="newsdotbitcoin-604">[https://news.bitcoin.com/flash-loan-attack-origin-protocol-unveils-compensation-plan-that-excludes-founders/ Flash Loan Attack: Origin Protocol Unveils Compensation Plan that Excludes Founders – Altcoins Bitcoin News] (May 16, 2021)</ref>

	<ref name="blockchain-605">[https://blockchain.news/news/origin-protocol-puts-1-million-bounty-on-hacker-ousd-stablecoin-loses-stability Origin Protocol Puts $1 Million Bounty on Hacker As OUSD Stablecoin Loses Stability \| Blockchain News] (May 15, 2021)</ref>		<ref name="blockchain-605">[https://blockchain.news/news/origin-protocol-puts-1-million-bounty-on-hacker-ousd-stablecoin-loses-stability Origin Protocol Puts $1 Million Bounty on Hacker As OUSD Stablecoin Loses Stability \| Blockchain News] (May 16, 2021)</ref>

	<ref name="blockchain-606">[https://blockchain.news/news/origin-defi-protocol-loses-7-million-to-hacker-in-security-breach Origin DeFi Protocol Loses $7 Million to Hacker in Security Breach \| Blockchain News] (May 15, 2021)</ref>		<ref name="blockchain-606">[https://blockchain.news/news/origin-defi-protocol-loses-7-million-to-hacker-in-security-breach Origin DeFi Protocol Loses $7 Million to Hacker in Security Breach \| Blockchain News] (May 16, 2021)</ref>

	<ref name="cryptoticker-607">[https://cryptoticker.io/en/origin-protocol-hacked-7-million/ Origin Protocol Hacked For $7 Million - CryptoTicker] (May 15, 2021)</ref>		<ref name="cryptoticker-607">[https://cryptoticker.io/en/origin-protocol-hacked-7-million/ Origin Protocol Hacked For $7 Million - CryptoTicker] (May 16, 2021)</ref>

	<ref name="decrypt-608">[https://decrypt.co/48910/ethereum-based-origin-bounty-ousd-hack Ethereum-based Origin Puts $1 Million Bounty on OUSD Hacker - Decrypt] (May 15, 2021)</ref>		<ref name="decrypt-608">[https://decrypt.co/48910/ethereum-based-origin-bounty-ousd-hack Ethereum-based Origin Puts $1 Million Bounty on OUSD Hacker - Decrypt] (May 16, 2021)</ref>

	<ref name="originprotocolmedium-609">[https://medium.com/originprotocol Origin Protocol – Medium] (May 15, 2021)</ref>		<ref name="originprotocolmedium-609">[https://medium.com/originprotocol Origin Protocol – Medium] (May 16, 2021)</ref>

	<ref name="coinmarketcap-610">[https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/origin-protocol/ Origin Protocol price today, OGN live marketcap, chart, and info \| CoinMarketCap] (May 15, 2021)</ref>		<ref name="coinmarketcap-610">[https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/origin-protocol/ Origin Protocol price today, OGN live marketcap, chart, and info \| CoinMarketCap] (May 16, 2021)</ref>

	<ref name="portswigger-842">[https://portswigger.net/daily-swig/origin-dollar-cryptocurrency-hacked-to-the-tune-of-7m-less-than-two-months-after-launch Origin Dollar cryptocurrency hacked to the tune of $7m less than two months after launch \| The Daily Swig] (May 23, 2021)</ref>		<ref name="portswigger-842">[https://portswigger.net/daily-swig/origin-dollar-cryptocurrency-hacked-to-the-tune-of-7m-less-than-two-months-after-launch Origin Dollar cryptocurrency hacked to the tune of $7m less than two months after launch \| The Daily Swig] (May 24, 2021)</ref>

	<ref name="ciphertrace-1152">[https://ciphertrace.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/CipherTrace-Cryptocurrency-Crime-and-Anti-Money-Laundering-Report-012821.pdf CipherTrace Cryptocurrency Crime and Anti-Money Laundering Report 2020] (Jun 19, 2021)</ref>		<ref name="ciphertrace-1152">[https://ciphertrace.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/CipherTrace-Cryptocurrency-Crime-and-Anti-Money-Laundering-Report-012821.pdf CipherTrace Cryptocurrency Crime and Anti-Money Laundering Report 2020] (Jun 20, 2021)</ref>

	<ref name="slowmisthacked-678">[https://hacked.slowmist.io/en/?c=ETH%20DApp SlowMist Hacked - SlowMist Zone] (May 17, 2021)</ref>		<ref name="slowmisthacked-678">[https://hacked.slowmist.io/en/?c=ETH%20DApp SlowMist Hacked - SlowMist Zone] (May 18, 2021)</ref>

	<ref name="certik-1776">[https://www.certik.org/blog/blockchain-hacks-2020-15-billion-lost-how-can-we-mitigate-hacks-in-2021 Blockchain Hacks: 2020 \| $15 billion lost, how can we mitigate hacks in 2021? \| CertiK Foundation Blog] (Jul 22, 2021)</ref></references>		<ref name="certik-1776">[https://www.certik.org/blog/blockchain-hacks-2020-15-billion-lost-how-can-we-mitigate-hacks-in-2021 Blockchain Hacks: 2020 \| $15 billion lost, how can we mitigate hacks in 2021? \| CertiK Foundation Blog] (Jul 23, 2021)</ref></references>

Azoundria at 17:30, 17 February 2023

2023-02-17T17:30:37Z

Azoundria: Created page with "{{Imported Case Study|source=https://www.quadrigainitiative.com/casestudy/originprotocolhack.php}} Origin ProtocolThe origin protocol smart contract failed to check that one of the inputs into a function was a valid stablecoin. As a result, the hacker was able to create additional coins in the protocol and remove funds. Origin Protocol came out with an ambitious plan to reimburse their affected users over time. This is a global/intern..."

2023-01-25T19:12:42Z

Created page with "{{Imported Case Study|source=https://www.quadrigainitiative.com/casestudy/originprotocolhack.php}} thumb|Origin ProtocolThe origin protocol smart contract failed to check that one of the inputs into a function was a valid stablecoin. As a result, the hacker was able to create additional coins in the protocol and remove funds. Origin Protocol came out with an ambitious plan to reimburse their affected users over time. This is a global/intern..."

New page

{{Imported Case Study|source=https://www.quadrigainitiative.com/casestudy/originprotocolhack.php}}

[[File:Originprotocol.jpg|thumb|Origin Protocol]]The origin protocol smart contract failed to check that one of the inputs into a function was a valid stablecoin. As a result, the hacker was able to create additional coins in the protocol and remove funds.

Origin Protocol came out with an ambitious plan to reimburse their affected users over time.

This is a global/international case not involving a specific country.

== About Origin Protocol ==
"Origin Protocol is bringing NFTs and DeFi to the masses." "Origin Protocol is a network that allows market participants to share goods and services through peer-to-peer (P2P) networks. The platform aims to create an extensive online marketplace leveraging the Ethereum (ETH) blockchain and Interplanetary File System (IPFS) in order to eliminate the need for middlemen."

"Blockchain-based e-commerce platform, Origin Protocol confirmed that its stablecoin, Origin Dollar (OUSD) has been hacked for around $7 million in Ethereum and DAI. The company launched OUSD in September this year." "The attack was a reentrancy bug in our contract. Unfortunately, our contract was safe from reentrancy bugs unless one of our supported stablecoins was attacking us." "Instead of using a second, valid stablecoin, the attacker used the address of the malicious contract itself. Our contract failed to detect that this was not one of our three supported stablecoins."

"[T]he attacker “used both Tornado Cash and Renbtc to wash and move funds.” According to Liu, there is “still 7,137 ETH and 2.249M DAI sitting in one of the attacker’s wallets.”" "We will be taking exhaustive measures in the next few days in an attempt to recover lost user funds before discussing a compensation plan for affected OUSD holders."

"We are continuing to work to try and recover the funds. If you are still providing liquidity on Sushiswap, we advise that you should remove your funds as soon as possible. We also strongly advise that you do not attempt to buy or sell OUSD at this time." "Despite this setback, it is very much in our intention to make OUSD a safe, secure, and successful product that builds on the broader Origin mission of peer-to-peer commerce." "Origin announced a $1 million bounty reward for anyone who can bring the hacker responsible for destabilizing its stablecoin to justice." “We are offering a bounty of $1,000,000 USD to anyone that supplies substantial information or evidence leading to the return of customer funds.” "Kay Yoo, who heads up Business Operations and Strategy at Origin, elaborated over email. “We do not care if the hacker returns company funds or the personal investments of our founders,” she told Decrypt. “Our highest priority right now is to recover customer funds.”"

"Origin Protocol has relaunched its OUSD token following a flash loan exploit that caused havoc for the project in November. The new token has received several audits and security improvements to prevent future attacks." "He went on to say that the team has carried out “rigorous internal auditing” as well as new code reviews. The project will also run additional audits as the product is upgraded."

"Approximately two-thirds of affected users will receive full compensation in the form of newly minted OUSD (fully backed by stablecoins, audited, and relaunched with new security measures in place). The remaining affected users — mostly larger depositors — will receive 25% of their compensation in OUSD upfront and 75% of their compensation in Origin Tokens (OGN) that are locked for one year. To further compensate these users for the time value of money and not having all their funds available upfront, locked OGN will earn interest at 25% over the year. This means that for the OGN portion of compensation, users will receive 1.25x the value in OGN one year after the compensation program goes live in the upcoming weeks."

This is a global/international case not involving a specific country.

The background of the exchange platform, service, or individuals involved, as it would have been seen or understood at the time of the events.

Include:

* Known history of when and how the service was started.
* What problems does the company or service claim to solve?
* What marketing materials were used by the firm or business?
* Audits performed, and excerpts that may have been included.
* Business registration documents shown (fake or legitimate).
* How were people recruited to participate?
* Public warnings and announcements prior to the event.

Don't Include:

* Any wording which directly states or implies that the business is/was illegitimate, or that a vulnerability existed.
* Anything that wasn't reasonably knowable at the time of the event.
There could be more than one section here. If the same platform is involved with multiple incidents, then it can be linked to a main article page.

== The Reality ==
This sections is included if a case involved deception or information that was unknown at the time. Examples include:

* When the service was actually started (if different than the "official story").
* Who actually ran a service and their own personal history.
* How the service was structured behind the scenes. (For example, there was no "trading bot".)
* Details of what audits reported and how vulnerabilities were missed during auditing.

== What Happened ==
The specific events of the loss and how it came about. What actually happened to cause the loss and some of the events leading up to it.
{| class="wikitable"
|+Key Event Timeline - Origin Protocol Hack
!Date
!Event
!Description
|-
|November 17th, 2020 12:00:00 AM
|First Event
|This is an expanded description of what happened and the impact. If multiple lines are necessary, add them here.
|-
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|}

== Total Amount Lost ==
The total amount lost is unknown.

How much was lost and how was it calculated? If there are conflicting reports, which are accurate and where does the discrepancy lie?

== Immediate Reactions ==
How did the various parties involved (firm, platform, management, and/or affected individual(s)) deal with the events? Were services shut down? Were announcements made? Were groups formed?

== Ultimate Outcome ==
What was the end result? Was any investigation done? Were any individuals prosecuted? Was there a lawsuit? Was any tracing done?

== Total Amount Recovered ==
It is unknown how much was recovered.

What funds were recovered? What funds were reimbursed for those affected users?

== Ongoing Developments ==
What parts of this case are still remaining to be concluded?

== Prevention Policies ==
It goes without saying that the decentralized finance space is still new and emerging.

At the moment, it makes sense to consider that each smart contract is effectively a hot wallet - because funds are live to be taken through a single exploit.

Better security can be achieved through offline storage of funds in a multi-signature wallet.

== References ==
[https://news.bitcoin.com/origin-defi-protocol-suffers-massive-flash-loan-attack-ousd-stablecoin-value-plunges-85/ Origin Defi Protocol Suffers Massive Flash Loan Attack- OUSD Stablecoin Value Plunges 85% – Altcoins Bitcoin News] (May 12)

[https://rekt.news/leaderboard/ Rekt - Leaderboard] (May 12)

[https://rekt.news/hack-epidemic/ Rekt - Hack Epidemic (Origin Protocol - REKT)] (May 15)

[https://medium.com/originprotocol/urgent-ousd-has-hacked-and-there-has-been-a-loss-of-funds-7b8c4a7d534c Urgent: OUSD Has Been Hacked And There Has Been a Loss of Funds] (May 15)

[https://medium.com/originprotocol/origin-dollar-ousd-detailed-compensation-plan-faa73f87442e Origin Dollar OUSD Detailed Compensation Plan] (May 15)

[https://www.financemagnates.com/cryptocurrency/news/origin-protocol-confirms-7-million-hack/ Origin Protocol Confirms $7 Million Hack | Finance Magnates] (May 15)

[https://twitter.com/originprotocol/status/1329832909369470978 @originprotocol Twitter] (May 15)

[https://cryptobriefing.com/origin-protocol-relaunches-stablecoin-following-hack/ Origin Protocol Relaunches Stablecoin Following Hack | Crypto Briefing] (May 15)

[https://news.bitcoin.com/flash-loan-attack-origin-protocol-unveils-compensation-plan-that-excludes-founders/ Flash Loan Attack: Origin Protocol Unveils Compensation Plan that Excludes Founders – Altcoins Bitcoin News] (May 15)

[https://blockchain.news/news/origin-protocol-puts-1-million-bounty-on-hacker-ousd-stablecoin-loses-stability Origin Protocol Puts $1 Million Bounty on Hacker As OUSD Stablecoin Loses Stability | Blockchain News] (May 15)

[https://blockchain.news/news/origin-defi-protocol-loses-7-million-to-hacker-in-security-breach Origin DeFi Protocol Loses $7 Million to Hacker in Security Breach | Blockchain News] (May 15)

[https://cryptoticker.io/en/origin-protocol-hacked-7-million/ Origin Protocol Hacked For $7 Million - CryptoTicker] (May 15)

[https://decrypt.co/48910/ethereum-based-origin-bounty-ousd-hack Ethereum-based Origin Puts $1 Million Bounty on OUSD Hacker - Decrypt] (May 15)

[https://medium.com/originprotocol Origin Protocol – Medium] (May 15)

[https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/origin-protocol/ Origin Protocol price today, OGN live marketcap, chart, and info | CoinMarketCap] (May 15)

[https://portswigger.net/daily-swig/origin-dollar-cryptocurrency-hacked-to-the-tune-of-7m-less-than-two-months-after-launch Origin Dollar cryptocurrency hacked to the tune of $7m less than two months after launch | The Daily Swig] (May 23)

[https://ciphertrace.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/CipherTrace-Cryptocurrency-Crime-and-Anti-Money-Laundering-Report-012821.pdf CipherTrace Cryptocurrency Crime and Anti-Money Laundering Report 2020] (Jun 19)

[https://hacked.slowmist.io/en/?c=ETH%20DApp SlowMist Hacked - SlowMist Zone] (May 17)

[https://www.certik.org/blog/blockchain-hacks-2020-15-billion-lost-how-can-we-mitigate-hacks-in-2021 Blockchain Hacks: 2020 | $15 billion lost, how can we mitigate hacks in 2021? | CertiK Foundation Blog] (Jul 22)

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:30, 17 February 2023
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Imported Case Study\|source=https://www.quadrigainitiative.com/casestudy/originprotocolhack.php}}		{{Imported Case Study\|source=https://www.quadrigainitiative.com/casestudy/originprotocolhack.php}}
			{{Unattributed Citations}}

	[[File:Originprotocol.jpg\|thumb\|Origin Protocol]]The origin protocol smart contract failed to check that one of the inputs into a function was a valid stablecoin. As a result, the hacker was able to create additional coins in the protocol and remove funds.		[[File:Originprotocol.jpg\|thumb\|Origin Protocol]]The origin protocol smart contract failed to check that one of the inputs into a function was a valid stablecoin. As a result, the hacker was able to create additional coins in the protocol and remove funds.
Line 6:		Line 7:

	This is a global/international case not involving a specific country.		This is a global/international case not involving a specific country.
			<ref name="newsdotbitcoin-597" /><ref name="rekt-513" /><ref name="rekt-598" /><ref name="originprotocolmedium-599" /><ref name="originprotocolmedium-600" /><ref name="financemagnates-601" /><ref name="originprotocoltwitter-602" /><ref name="cryptobriefing-603" /><ref name="newsdotbitcoin-604" /><ref name="blockchain-605" /><ref name="blockchain-606" /><ref name="cryptoticker-607" /><ref name="decrypt-608" /><ref name="originprotocolmedium-609" /><ref name="coinmarketcap-610" /><ref name="portswigger-842" /><ref name="ciphertrace-1152" /><ref name="slowmisthacked-678" /><ref name="certik-1776" />

	== About Origin Protocol ==		== About Origin Protocol ==
Line 35:		Line 37:

	Don't Include:		Don't Include:

	* Any wording which directly states or implies that the business is/was illegitimate, or that a vulnerability existed.		* Any wording which directly states or implies that the business is/was illegitimate, or that a vulnerability existed.
	* Anything that wasn't reasonably knowable at the time of the event.		* Anything that wasn't reasonably knowable at the time of the event.
Line 57:		Line 58:
	\|-		\|-
	\|November 17th, 2020 12:00:00 AM		\|November 17th, 2020 12:00:00 AM
	\|~~First~~ Event		\|Main Event
	\|~~This is an expanded~~ description of what happened and the impact. If multiple lines are necessary, add them here.		\|Expand this into a brief description of what happened and the impact. If multiple lines are necessary, add them here.
	\|-
	\|
	\|
	\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|
Line 70:		Line 67:

	== Total Amount Lost ==		== Total Amount Lost ==
	The total amount lost ~~is unknown~~.		The total amount lost has been estimated at $7,700,000 USD.

	How much was lost and how was it calculated? If there are conflicting reports, which are accurate and where does the discrepancy lie?		How much was lost and how was it calculated? If there are conflicting reports, which are accurate and where does the discrepancy lie?
Line 81:		Line 78:

	== Total Amount Recovered ==		== Total Amount Recovered ==
	~~It is unknown how much was~~ recovered.		There do not appear to have been any funds recovered in this case.

	What funds were recovered? What funds were reimbursed for those affected users?		What funds were recovered? What funds were reimbursed for those affected users?
Line 96:		Line 93:

	== References ==		== References ==
	[https://news.bitcoin.com/origin-defi-protocol-suffers-massive-flash-loan-attack-ousd-stablecoin-value-plunges-85/ Origin Defi Protocol Suffers Massive Flash Loan Attack- OUSD Stablecoin Value Plunges 85% – Altcoins Bitcoin News] (May 12)		<references><ref name="newsdotbitcoin-597">[https://news.bitcoin.com/origin-defi-protocol-suffers-massive-flash-loan-attack-ousd-stablecoin-value-plunges-85/ Origin Defi Protocol Suffers Massive Flash Loan Attack- OUSD Stablecoin Value Plunges 85% – Altcoins Bitcoin News] (May 12, 2021)</ref>

	[https://rekt.news/leaderboard/ Rekt - Leaderboard] (May 12)		<ref name="rekt-513">[https://rekt.news/leaderboard/ Rekt - Leaderboard] (May 12, 2021)</ref>

	[https://rekt.news/hack-epidemic/ Rekt - Hack Epidemic (Origin Protocol - REKT)] (May 15)		<ref name="rekt-598">[https://rekt.news/hack-epidemic/ Rekt - Hack Epidemic (Origin Protocol - REKT)] (May 15, 2021)</ref>

	[https://medium.com/originprotocol/urgent-ousd-has-hacked-and-there-has-been-a-loss-of-funds-7b8c4a7d534c Urgent: OUSD Has Been Hacked And There Has Been a Loss of Funds] (May 15)		<ref name="originprotocolmedium-599">[https://medium.com/originprotocol/urgent-ousd-has-hacked-and-there-has-been-a-loss-of-funds-7b8c4a7d534c Urgent: OUSD Has Been Hacked And There Has Been a Loss of Funds] (May 15, 2021)</ref>

	[https://medium.com/originprotocol/origin-dollar-ousd-detailed-compensation-plan-faa73f87442e Origin Dollar OUSD Detailed Compensation Plan] (May 15)		<ref name="originprotocolmedium-600">[https://medium.com/originprotocol/origin-dollar-ousd-detailed-compensation-plan-faa73f87442e Origin Dollar OUSD Detailed Compensation Plan] (May 15, 2021)</ref>

	[https://www.financemagnates.com/cryptocurrency/news/origin-protocol-confirms-7-million-hack/ Origin Protocol Confirms $7 Million Hack \| Finance Magnates] (May 15)		<ref name="financemagnates-601">[https://www.financemagnates.com/cryptocurrency/news/origin-protocol-confirms-7-million-hack/ Origin Protocol Confirms $7 Million Hack \| Finance Magnates] (May 15, 2021)</ref>

	[https://twitter.com/originprotocol/status/1329832909369470978 @originprotocol Twitter] (May 15)		<ref name="originprotocoltwitter-602">[https://twitter.com/originprotocol/status/1329832909369470978 @originprotocol Twitter] (May 15, 2021)</ref>

	[https://cryptobriefing.com/origin-protocol-relaunches-stablecoin-following-hack/ Origin Protocol Relaunches Stablecoin Following Hack \| Crypto Briefing] (May 15)		<ref name="cryptobriefing-603">[https://cryptobriefing.com/origin-protocol-relaunches-stablecoin-following-hack/ Origin Protocol Relaunches Stablecoin Following Hack \| Crypto Briefing] (May 15, 2021)</ref>

	[https://news.bitcoin.com/flash-loan-attack-origin-protocol-unveils-compensation-plan-that-excludes-founders/ Flash Loan Attack: Origin Protocol Unveils Compensation Plan that Excludes Founders – Altcoins Bitcoin News] (May 15)		<ref name="newsdotbitcoin-604">[https://news.bitcoin.com/flash-loan-attack-origin-protocol-unveils-compensation-plan-that-excludes-founders/ Flash Loan Attack: Origin Protocol Unveils Compensation Plan that Excludes Founders – Altcoins Bitcoin News] (May 15, 2021)</ref>

	[https://blockchain.news/news/origin-protocol-puts-1-million-bounty-on-hacker-ousd-stablecoin-loses-stability Origin Protocol Puts $1 Million Bounty on Hacker As OUSD Stablecoin Loses Stability \| Blockchain News] (May 15)		<ref name="blockchain-605">[https://blockchain.news/news/origin-protocol-puts-1-million-bounty-on-hacker-ousd-stablecoin-loses-stability Origin Protocol Puts $1 Million Bounty on Hacker As OUSD Stablecoin Loses Stability \| Blockchain News] (May 15, 2021)</ref>

	[https://blockchain.news/news/origin-defi-protocol-loses-7-million-to-hacker-in-security-breach Origin DeFi Protocol Loses $7 Million to Hacker in Security Breach \| Blockchain News] (May 15)		<ref name="blockchain-606">[https://blockchain.news/news/origin-defi-protocol-loses-7-million-to-hacker-in-security-breach Origin DeFi Protocol Loses $7 Million to Hacker in Security Breach \| Blockchain News] (May 15, 2021)</ref>

	[https://cryptoticker.io/en/origin-protocol-hacked-7-million/ Origin Protocol Hacked For $7 Million - CryptoTicker] (May 15)		<ref name="cryptoticker-607">[https://cryptoticker.io/en/origin-protocol-hacked-7-million/ Origin Protocol Hacked For $7 Million - CryptoTicker] (May 15, 2021)</ref>

	[https://decrypt.co/48910/ethereum-based-origin-bounty-ousd-hack Ethereum-based Origin Puts $1 Million Bounty on OUSD Hacker - Decrypt] (May 15)		<ref name="decrypt-608">[https://decrypt.co/48910/ethereum-based-origin-bounty-ousd-hack Ethereum-based Origin Puts $1 Million Bounty on OUSD Hacker - Decrypt] (May 15, 2021)</ref>

	[https://medium.com/originprotocol Origin Protocol – Medium] (May 15)		<ref name="originprotocolmedium-609">[https://medium.com/originprotocol Origin Protocol – Medium] (May 15, 2021)</ref>

	[https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/origin-protocol/ Origin Protocol price today, OGN live marketcap, chart, and info \| CoinMarketCap] (May 15)		<ref name="coinmarketcap-610">[https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/origin-protocol/ Origin Protocol price today, OGN live marketcap, chart, and info \| CoinMarketCap] (May 15, 2021)</ref>

	[https://portswigger.net/daily-swig/origin-dollar-cryptocurrency-hacked-to-the-tune-of-7m-less-than-two-months-after-launch Origin Dollar cryptocurrency hacked to the tune of $7m less than two months after launch \| The Daily Swig] (May 23)		<ref name="portswigger-842">[https://portswigger.net/daily-swig/origin-dollar-cryptocurrency-hacked-to-the-tune-of-7m-less-than-two-months-after-launch Origin Dollar cryptocurrency hacked to the tune of $7m less than two months after launch \| The Daily Swig] (May 23, 2021)</ref>

	[https://ciphertrace.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/CipherTrace-Cryptocurrency-Crime-and-Anti-Money-Laundering-Report-012821.pdf CipherTrace Cryptocurrency Crime and Anti-Money Laundering Report 2020] (Jun 19)		<ref name="ciphertrace-1152">[https://ciphertrace.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/CipherTrace-Cryptocurrency-Crime-and-Anti-Money-Laundering-Report-012821.pdf CipherTrace Cryptocurrency Crime and Anti-Money Laundering Report 2020] (Jun 19, 2021)</ref>

	[https://hacked.slowmist.io/en/?c=ETH%20DApp SlowMist Hacked - SlowMist Zone] (May 17)		<ref name="slowmisthacked-678">[https://hacked.slowmist.io/en/?c=ETH%20DApp SlowMist Hacked - SlowMist Zone] (May 17, 2021)</ref>

	[https://www.certik.org/blog/blockchain-hacks-2020-15-billion-lost-how-can-we-mitigate-hacks-in-2021 Blockchain Hacks: 2020 \| $15 billion lost, how can we mitigate hacks in 2021? \| CertiK Foundation Blog] (Jul 22)		<ref name="certik-1776">[https://www.certik.org/blog/blockchain-hacks-2020-15-billion-lost-how-can-we-mitigate-hacks-in-2021 Blockchain Hacks: 2020 \| $15 billion lost, how can we mitigate hacks in 2021? \| CertiK Foundation Blog] (Jul 22, 2021)</ref></references>