Livecoin Shut Down By Hack - Revision history

Azoundria at 18:42, 2 May 2023

2023-05-02T18:42:14Z

Azoundria at 17:33, 17 February 2023

2023-02-17T17:33:03Z

Azoundria: Created page with "{{Imported Case Study|source=https://www.quadrigainitiative.com/casestudy/livecoinshutdownbyhack.php}} LivecoinAccording to the company's site, they used cold storage. The site does not mention any use of multi-signature wallets, and it would appear to be very clear that their cold storage was not effective at preventing the theft of a significant amount of client funds. There are a range of things which happened in the downfall, including t..."

2023-01-25T19:21:59Z

Created page with "{{Imported Case Study|source=https://www.quadrigainitiative.com/casestudy/livecoinshutdownbyhack.php}} thumb|LivecoinAccording to the company's site, they used cold storage. The site does not mention any use of multi-signature wallets, and it would appear to be very clear that their cold storage was not effective at preventing the theft of a significant amount of client funds. There are a range of things which happened in the downfall, including t..."

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{{Imported Case Study|source=https://www.quadrigainitiative.com/casestudy/livecoinshutdownbyhack.php}}

[[File:Livecoin.jpg|thumb|Livecoin]]According to the company's site, they used cold storage. The site does not mention any use of multi-signature wallets, and it would appear to be very clear that their cold storage was not effective at preventing the theft of a significant amount of client funds.

There are a range of things which happened in the downfall, including taking over the site and social media, an apparent extortion prior, and numerous theories of exit scams. The full story is still not quite available, and some aspects may be contradictory.

This exchange or platform is based in Russia, or the incident targeted people primarily in Russia.

== About Livecoin ==
"Livecoin [was] a cryptocurrency exchange registered in the Seychelles." "According to CoinMarketCap, Livecoin is ranked as the 173rd cryptocurrency exchange on the internet, with roughly $16 million in daily transactions. The site has been active since March 2014." "Livecoin Exchange [was] a service for sale and purchase of cryptocurrency for [cryptocurrency] and for fiat money with large variety of trading tools; bots trading and arbitrage is also available and allowed. Our Customers may exchange, buy, sell, play on the rates fluctuations and make profits – same as at conventional exchanges. Except here they are dealing with a new type of money – cryptocurrency, which gives more room for maneuver and higher potential profit." "Livecoin [was] a modern, safe Trading Platform for accessing cryptocurrency exchange markets with very simple interface and low trading fees. Our own API is easy-to-use, supplied with an instructional manual. Our Support Service communicates in Russian, English and Chinese and replies to the Customers’ tickets 7 days a week within working hours (UTC+3)."

"Our team of young, dashing, idea-inspired experts created a new Trading Platform - the Livecoin Exchange, designed to help motivated people to benefit from the great opportunities offered by unique technology of decentralized distributed access to digital assets. In the world of cryptocurrencies there are no distances, boundaries, differences in races and religions, the people are united into a community of free individuals, realizing their potentials at their own free will. We believe, that on the basis of our Exchange this community will find it both convenient and beneficial to pursue their goals, to grow their capitals, to take chances and to win." "CEO: IVONA ZLATOVA"

"There [was] rather limited information available on Livecoin exchange in terms of its ownership, registration, and seat of address. To an extent, this is in keeping with the cryptocurrency philosophy and there aren’t any scam stories around Livecoin. Some potential users of the exchange may have an issue with this lack of information and others be comfortable with it." "The ownership of Livecoin is rumored to be Russian and while, again, it was impossible to find any information to back this up there are hints that there may be something to it in the fact that educational materials and other resources in Russian feature prominently. Rubles are also one of three fiat currencies (the other two are EUR and USD) that fiat deposits can be made in the small selection of e-payment processors fiat deposits are processed by are also those common to the Russian market." "As KYC and verification is not mandatory at this exchange, US-investors may trade here as well. At least the exchange will not prohibit them from trading. However, any US-investors interested in trading here should in any event form their own opinion on any issues arising from their citizenship or residency."

"Several online sources and reviews state[d] that Livecoin was established in 2013 by a holding company called Delta E-Commerce, based in London and with servers in the U.S.A. However, we were not able to find any information to corroborate this and company details are not mentioned anywhere onsite, including in user and privacy agreements or contact details sections of the website." "Livecoin proudly states that they are a modern and secure platform for accessing cryptocurrency exchange markets. They also pride themselves with having a “very simple interface”" "To protect your funds we use a cold storage system. You may also restrict access to your account by using GoogleAuthenticator system and a white list of IP addresses.", the site said when it first appeared as early as June 2, 2017. The site appears to have undergone a significant period of downtime in 2018 before emerging again in 2019.

"Livecoin was hacked over the night of 23-24 [December] 2020. The hackers presumably extorted Livecoin, as they have left the following message on the exchange's landing page:" "Oops! Time is over Livecoin!"

"The Russian exchange said in a web post it has “lost control of all of our servers, [backend] and nodes” and pleaded with clients to cease making deposits, trading or interacting with the exchange. “We were not able to stop our service in time,” the post said." "At the time of the hack, Livecoin announced that it had been the victim of a carefully planned attack, noting that its servers were infiltrated in a technical and advanced manner." A later notice read "We're fighting hard to get back our servers, nodes, and funds. We're working 24/7."

"Hackers appear to have taken control of the Livecoin infrastructure and then proceeded to modify the exchange rates to gigantic and unrealistic values." "RIP @livecoin_net apparently...prices x10 across the board as users scramble to a liquid coin that is still withdrawable. Not many of these last gen exchanges left anymore, for good reason"

"Once the exchange rates were modified, the mysterious attackers began cashing out accounts, generating gigantic profits." "At the time, 106 BTC, 361 ETH, and 236 BCH had been stolen from the exchange." "According to The Block Research, users lost at least $3.3 million worth of funds at the attack time." "In terms of coins and tokens, Livecoin users lost 106 bitcoin (BTC), 380 ether (ETH), 236 bitcoin cash (BCH), 567,000 XRP, 66.8 million DOGE, 56,000 Tether (USDT), and some other ERC-20 tokens, per The Block Research." "As Livecoin asked users to stop all activity, the threat actors began cashing out, reaping profit in the process." "Livecoin claimed to have lost control of its "servers, backend, and nodes," and was unable to stop the attack from occurring."

"But some users called foul. In a forum thread, Livecoin users said that withdrawals had been halted up to 24 hours before the attack. Likewise, it was suspicious that a sophisticated hacker had used the same wallet for two different hacks. The move seemed too unprofessional to many on the forum." "Some have suggested that an exit scam is in play, which is a popular method for cryptocurrency exchange operators to vanish with user funds while claiming external cyberattackers have stolen cryptocurrencies held by a victim organization." "Some frustrated users believed the hack was in fact an exit scam in which Bitcoin’s price was artificially inflated allowing for those in charge to cash out."

"The cryptocurrency exchange said law enforcement had been notified of the security incident." "We apologize for an existing situation and ask you to keep calm, including your conversation with support officers," Livecoin added. "Our service and team bear hard losses as well as our clients. In case of abuse and threats in conversation, the claim can be declined."

"Livecoin announced in a note that it is shutting its business and refunding its clients." "“Our service has been damaged hard in technical and financial way,” the exchange said in the note. “There is no way to continue operative business in these conditions.”" "The company decided to pay what funds remained to its clients. Clients were asked to email verification@livecoin.news in order to verify their identities in order to retrieve what funds they may have had left."

"[O]ne apparent user of the service has posted what is claimed to be an extensive list of documentation and personal information to verify claimant identities, including passport/ID scans, selfies, places of residence, primary device data for logging in to Livecoin, and video footage. On Twitter, the request for this vast array of personal data has prompted speculation around its legitimacy."

"March 17, 2021, is the last day users can request an account payout, the note stated. The exchange warned its customers to be wary of fraudsters claiming to be Livecoin representatives who could try to scam them by demanding payment in exchange for their refund."

"We apologize for an existing situation and ask you to keep calm, including your conversation with support officers. Our service and team bear hard losses as well as our clients. In case of abuse and threats in conversation, the claim can be declined."

"Dear clients, we have done accepting applications for payouts. New applications submitted starting from 18/03 are not accepted. All received applications will be processed." "Please do not send duplicate / multiple letters. By doing this, you move your request to the end of the queue. Requests with balances up to $10000 are paid in full after complete of verification and posting proper messages about getting payment from us. All other clients with higher balances will be notified of the payment procedure after procession of ALL submitted applications."

"Dear clients, we would like to finalize our payments as soon as possible, so we ask you to send documents for verification ASAP. Due to this matter, we ask you to provide documents not later than 5 days since you got our reply to your letter. Please, remember, that requests are to be processed from clients who sent the letter not later than March 17. Everything is simple: you sent a request not later than March 17, you got our reply, you have to send documents not later than 5 days since our reply. Otherwise, if we will be bound to unlimited waiting, we wouldn't be able to process finalize our payments to clients with significant balances."

"Final update. Dear clients, we have almost done payments to clients who hold up to $10000. In the near time (1-2 weeks) we run final payments to clients who hold over $10000. After that, our liabilities will be closed and this website discontinued."

"We also want to notify our clients, that there is a group of people who try to delay/stop our payments. Our accounts in social networks already suspended. Our new domain and hosting are being under permanent attack aimed to stop serving hosting and domain. If this attempts will be successful, we will not be able to finish our payments because of loosing capability to talk with our clients. If this occurred, we advise clients to contact our domain registrator or hosting provider with request of getting contacts of people abusing us and take actions to them on your own choice."

This exchange or platform is based in Russia, or the incident targeted people primarily in Russia.

The background of the exchange platform, service, or individuals involved, as it would have been seen or understood at the time of the events.

Include:

* Known history of when and how the service was started.
* What problems does the company or service claim to solve?
* What marketing materials were used by the firm or business?
* Audits performed, and excerpts that may have been included.
* Business registration documents shown (fake or legitimate).
* How were people recruited to participate?
* Public warnings and announcements prior to the event.

Don't Include:

* Any wording which directly states or implies that the business is/was illegitimate, or that a vulnerability existed.
* Anything that wasn't reasonably knowable at the time of the event.
There could be more than one section here. If the same platform is involved with multiple incidents, then it can be linked to a main article page.

== The Reality ==
This sections is included if a case involved deception or information that was unknown at the time. Examples include:

* When the service was actually started (if different than the "official story").
* Who actually ran a service and their own personal history.
* How the service was structured behind the scenes. (For example, there was no "trading bot".)
* Details of what audits reported and how vulnerabilities were missed during auditing.

== What Happened ==
The specific events of the loss and how it came about. What actually happened to cause the loss and some of the events leading up to it.
{| class="wikitable"
|+Key Event Timeline - Livecoin Shut Down By Hack
!Date
!Event
!Description
|-
|December 23rd, 2020 12:00:00 AM
|First Event
|This is an expanded description of what happened and the impact. If multiple lines are necessary, add them here.
|-
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|}

== Total Amount Lost ==
The total amount lost is unknown.

How much was lost and how was it calculated? If there are conflicting reports, which are accurate and where does the discrepancy lie?

== Immediate Reactions ==
How did the various parties involved (firm, platform, management, and/or affected individual(s)) deal with the events? Were services shut down? Were announcements made? Were groups formed?

== Ultimate Outcome ==
What was the end result? Was any investigation done? Were any individuals prosecuted? Was there a lawsuit? Was any tracing done?

== Total Amount Recovered ==
It is unknown how much was recovered.

What funds were recovered? What funds were reimbursed for those affected users?

== Ongoing Developments ==
What parts of this case are still remaining to be concluded?

== Prevention Policies ==
The fundamental issue is that customers have lost funds, due to funds not being stored properly in air-gapped wallets, and the lack of any multi-signature setup. It is clear that the company also lacked resources or assistance to deal with the situation.

== References ==
[https://www.pymnts.com/news/bitcoin-tracker/2021/bitcoin-daily-hack-shuts-down-crypto-exchange-livecoin-former-canadian-prime-minister-reserve-currency-future/ Hack Shuts Down Crypto Exchange Livecoin] (May 23)

[http://livecoin.news/index.html Livecoin - #1 Cryptocurrency Supplier] (May 23)

[https://www.coindesk.com/livecoin-exchange-announces-closure-after-december-hack Livecoin Exchange Announces Closure After December Hack - CoinDesk] (Jun 4)

[https://www.coindesk.com/livecoin-crypto-exchange-hack Crypto Exchange Livecoin Begs Users to Stop Trading After Losing Control of Servers - CoinDesk] (Jun 4)

[https://web.archive.org/web/20201109031706/https://www.livecoin.net/en Livecoin - #1 Cryptocurrency Supplier] (Jun 4)

[https://web.archive.org/web/20201204020401/https://www.livecoin.net/en/about Livecoin - About us] (Jun 4)

[https://web.archive.org/web/20170602065555/https://www.livecoin.net/en Livecoin - A convenient way to buy and sell Bitcoin] (Jun 4)

[https://beincrypto.com/livecoin-closes-permanently-following-suspicious-hack/ Livecoin Closes Permanently Following Suspicious Hack - BeInCrypto] (Jun 4)

[https://twitter.com/cryptoaml_bot/status/1342165909667008512 @cryptoaml_bot Twitter] (Jun 4)

[https://twitter.com/VEROSFP/status/1340685044948619265 @VEROSFP Twitter] (Jun 4)

[https://www.cryptowisser.com/exchange/livecoin/ Livecoin – Reviews, Trading Fees & Cryptos (2021) | Cryptowisser] (Jun 4)

[https://www.zdnet.com/article/livecoin-slams-its-doors-shut-after-failing-to-recover-from-hack-financial-loss/ Livecoin slams its doors shut after failing to recover from hack, financial loss | ZDNet] (Jun 4)

[https://t.me/livecoinrus/91032 Telegram: Contact @livecoinrus] (Jun 4)

[https://www.zdnet.com/article/russian-crypto-exchange-livecoin-hacked-after-it-lost-control-of-its-servers/ Russian crypto-exchange Livecoin hacked after it lost control of its servers | ZDNet] (Jun 4)

[https://twitter.com/ceo_run/status/1342091503682920448 @ceo_run Twitter] (Jun 4)

[https://twitter.com/thebenp/status/1342152448874401792 @thebenp Twitter] (Jun 4)

[https://twitter.com/cryptorangutang/status/1342071756274675712 @cryptorangutang Twitter] (Jun 4)

[https://www.fxempire.com/crypto/exchange/livecoin/review Livecoin Exchange Review] (Jun 4)

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gyK6yPBCCE0 LiveCoin Exchange Review by FXEmpire - YouTube] (Jun 4)

[https://www.theblockcrypto.com/linked/91581/russian-crypto-exchange-livecoin-shutting-down-after-claimed-attack-loss Russian crypto exchange Livecoin is shutting down after a claimed attack that caused a $3.3 million loss to users] (Jun 4)

[https://www.facebook.com/livecoin.net/ Livecoin Facebook Page] (Jun 4)

[https://www.reddit.com/r/CryptoCurrency/comments/kjjpdc/livecoinnet_hacked/ Livecoin.net hacked! : CryptoCurrency] (Jun 4)

[https://www.reddit.com/r/CryptoCurrency/comments/kje2qc/warning_btc_reached_142_000_usd_on_livecoinnet/ WARNING: BTC reached 142 000 USD on Livecoin.net BTC/ETH withdrawals halted : CryptoCurrency] (Jun 4)

[https://hacked.slowmist.io/en/?c=Exchange SlowMist Hacked - SlowMist Zone] (Jun 25)

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:33, 17 February 2023
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	{{Imported Case Study\|source=https://www.quadrigainitiative.com/casestudy/livecoinshutdownbyhack.php}}		{{Imported Case Study\|source=https://www.quadrigainitiative.com/casestudy/livecoinshutdownbyhack.php}}
			{{Unattributed Citations}}

	[[File:Livecoin.jpg\|thumb\|Livecoin]]According to the company's site, they used cold storage. The site does not mention any use of multi-signature wallets, and it would appear to be very clear that their cold storage was not effective at preventing the theft of a significant amount of client funds.		[[File:Livecoin.jpg\|thumb\|Livecoin]]According to the company's site, they used cold storage. The site does not mention any use of multi-signature wallets, and it would appear to be very clear that their cold storage was not effective at preventing the theft of a significant amount of client funds.
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	This exchange or platform is based in Russia, or the incident targeted people primarily in Russia.		This exchange or platform is based in Russia, or the incident targeted people primarily in Russia.
			<ref name="pymnts-1098" /><ref name="livecoinnews-1099" /><ref name="coindesk-1100" /><ref name="coindesk-1101" /><ref name="livecoinarchive-1102" /><ref name="livecoinarchive-1103" /><ref name="livecoinarchive-1104" /><ref name="beincrypto-1105" /><ref name="cryptoamlbottwitter-1106" /><ref name="verosfptwitter-1107" /><ref name="cryptowisser-1108" /><ref name="zdnet-1109" /><ref name="livecoinrustelegram-1110" /><ref name="zdnet-1111" /><ref name="ceoruntwitter-1112" /><ref name="thebenptwitter-1113" /><ref name="cryptorangutangtwitter-1114" /><ref name="fxempire-1115" /><ref name="youtube-1116" /><ref name="theblockcrypto-1117" /><ref name="facebook-1118" /><ref name="reddit-1119" /><ref name="reddit-1120" /><ref name="slowmisthacked-1160" />

	== About Livecoin ==		== About Livecoin ==
Line 59:		Line 61:

	Don't Include:		Don't Include:

	* Any wording which directly states or implies that the business is/was illegitimate, or that a vulnerability existed.		* Any wording which directly states or implies that the business is/was illegitimate, or that a vulnerability existed.
	* Anything that wasn't reasonably knowable at the time of the event.		* Anything that wasn't reasonably knowable at the time of the event.
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	\|-		\|-
	\|December 23rd, 2020 12:00:00 AM		\|December 23rd, 2020 12:00:00 AM
	\|~~First~~ Event		\|Main Event
	\|~~This is an expanded~~ description of what happened and the impact. If multiple lines are necessary, add them here.		\|Expand this into a brief description of what happened and the impact. If multiple lines are necessary, add them here.
	\|-
	\|
	\|
	\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|
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	== Total Amount Lost ==		== Total Amount Lost ==
	The total amount lost ~~is unknown~~.		The total amount lost has been estimated at $3,300,000 USD.

	How much was lost and how was it calculated? If there are conflicting reports, which are accurate and where does the discrepancy lie?		How much was lost and how was it calculated? If there are conflicting reports, which are accurate and where does the discrepancy lie?
Line 105:		Line 102:

	== Total Amount Recovered ==		== Total Amount Recovered ==
	~~It is unknown how much was~~ recovered.		There do not appear to have been any funds recovered in this case.

	What funds were recovered? What funds were reimbursed for those affected users?		What funds were recovered? What funds were reimbursed for those affected users?
Line 116:		Line 113:

	== References ==		== References ==
	[https://www.pymnts.com/news/bitcoin-tracker/2021/bitcoin-daily-hack-shuts-down-crypto-exchange-livecoin-former-canadian-prime-minister-reserve-currency-future/ Hack Shuts Down Crypto Exchange Livecoin] (May 23)		<references><ref name="pymnts-1098">[https://www.pymnts.com/news/bitcoin-tracker/2021/bitcoin-daily-hack-shuts-down-crypto-exchange-livecoin-former-canadian-prime-minister-reserve-currency-future/ Hack Shuts Down Crypto Exchange Livecoin] (May 23, 2021)</ref>

	[http://livecoin.news/index.html Livecoin - #1 Cryptocurrency Supplier] (May 23)		<ref name="livecoinnews-1099">[http://livecoin.news/index.html Livecoin - #1 Cryptocurrency Supplier] (May 23, 2021)</ref>

	[https://www.coindesk.com/livecoin-exchange-announces-closure-after-december-hack Livecoin Exchange Announces Closure After December Hack - CoinDesk] (Jun 4)		<ref name="coindesk-1100">[https://www.coindesk.com/livecoin-exchange-announces-closure-after-december-hack Livecoin Exchange Announces Closure After December Hack - CoinDesk] (Jun 4, 2021)</ref>

	[https://www.coindesk.com/livecoin-crypto-exchange-hack Crypto Exchange Livecoin Begs Users to Stop Trading After Losing Control of Servers - CoinDesk] (Jun 4)		<ref name="coindesk-1101">[https://www.coindesk.com/livecoin-crypto-exchange-hack Crypto Exchange Livecoin Begs Users to Stop Trading After Losing Control of Servers - CoinDesk] (Jun 4, 2021)</ref>

	[https://web.archive.org/web/20201109031706/https://www.livecoin.net/en Livecoin - #1 Cryptocurrency Supplier] (Jun 4)		<ref name="livecoinarchive-1102">[https://web.archive.org/web/20201109031706/https://www.livecoin.net/en Livecoin - #1 Cryptocurrency Supplier] (Jun 4, 2021)</ref>

	[https://web.archive.org/web/20201204020401/https://www.livecoin.net/en/about Livecoin - About us] (Jun 4)		<ref name="livecoinarchive-1103">[https://web.archive.org/web/20201204020401/https://www.livecoin.net/en/about Livecoin - About us] (Jun 4, 2021)</ref>

	[https://web.archive.org/web/20170602065555/https://www.livecoin.net/en Livecoin - A convenient way to buy and sell Bitcoin] (Jun 4)		<ref name="livecoinarchive-1104">[https://web.archive.org/web/20170602065555/https://www.livecoin.net/en Livecoin - A convenient way to buy and sell Bitcoin] (Jun 4, 2021)</ref>

	[https://beincrypto.com/livecoin-closes-permanently-following-suspicious-hack/ Livecoin Closes Permanently Following Suspicious Hack - BeInCrypto] (Jun 4)		<ref name="beincrypto-1105">[https://beincrypto.com/livecoin-closes-permanently-following-suspicious-hack/ Livecoin Closes Permanently Following Suspicious Hack - BeInCrypto] (Jun 4, 2021)</ref>

	[https://twitter.com/cryptoaml_bot/status/1342165909667008512 @cryptoaml_bot Twitter] (Jun 4)		<ref name="cryptoamlbottwitter-1106">[https://twitter.com/cryptoaml_bot/status/1342165909667008512 @cryptoaml_bot Twitter] (Jun 4, 2021)</ref>

	[https://twitter.com/VEROSFP/status/1340685044948619265 @VEROSFP Twitter] (Jun 4)		<ref name="verosfptwitter-1107">[https://twitter.com/VEROSFP/status/1340685044948619265 @VEROSFP Twitter] (Jun 4, 2021)</ref>

	[https://www.cryptowisser.com/exchange/livecoin/ Livecoin – Reviews, Trading Fees & Cryptos (2021) \| Cryptowisser] (Jun 4)		<ref name="cryptowisser-1108">[https://www.cryptowisser.com/exchange/livecoin/ Livecoin – Reviews, Trading Fees & Cryptos (2021) \| Cryptowisser] (Jun 4, 2021)</ref>

	[https://www.zdnet.com/article/livecoin-slams-its-doors-shut-after-failing-to-recover-from-hack-financial-loss/ Livecoin slams its doors shut after failing to recover from hack, financial loss \| ZDNet] (Jun 4)		<ref name="zdnet-1109">[https://www.zdnet.com/article/livecoin-slams-its-doors-shut-after-failing-to-recover-from-hack-financial-loss/ Livecoin slams its doors shut after failing to recover from hack, financial loss \| ZDNet] (Jun 4, 2021)</ref>

	[https://t.me/livecoinrus/91032 Telegram: Contact @livecoinrus] (Jun 4)		<ref name="livecoinrustelegram-1110">[https://t.me/livecoinrus/91032 Telegram: Contact @livecoinrus] (Jun 4, 2021)</ref>

	[https://www.zdnet.com/article/russian-crypto-exchange-livecoin-hacked-after-it-lost-control-of-its-servers/ Russian crypto-exchange Livecoin hacked after it lost control of its servers \| ZDNet] (Jun 4)		<ref name="zdnet-1111">[https://www.zdnet.com/article/russian-crypto-exchange-livecoin-hacked-after-it-lost-control-of-its-servers/ Russian crypto-exchange Livecoin hacked after it lost control of its servers \| ZDNet] (Jun 4, 2021)</ref>

	[https://twitter.com/ceo_run/status/1342091503682920448 @ceo_run Twitter] (Jun 4)		<ref name="ceoruntwitter-1112">[https://twitter.com/ceo_run/status/1342091503682920448 @ceo_run Twitter] (Jun 4, 2021)</ref>

	[https://twitter.com/thebenp/status/1342152448874401792 @thebenp Twitter] (Jun 4)		<ref name="thebenptwitter-1113">[https://twitter.com/thebenp/status/1342152448874401792 @thebenp Twitter] (Jun 4, 2021)</ref>

	[https://twitter.com/cryptorangutang/status/1342071756274675712 @cryptorangutang Twitter] (Jun 4)		<ref name="cryptorangutangtwitter-1114">[https://twitter.com/cryptorangutang/status/1342071756274675712 @cryptorangutang Twitter] (Jun 4, 2021)</ref>

	[https://www.fxempire.com/crypto/exchange/livecoin/review Livecoin Exchange Review] (Jun 4)		<ref name="fxempire-1115">[https://www.fxempire.com/crypto/exchange/livecoin/review Livecoin Exchange Review] (Jun 4, 2021)</ref>

	[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gyK6yPBCCE0 LiveCoin Exchange Review by FXEmpire - YouTube] (Jun 4)		<ref name="youtube-1116">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gyK6yPBCCE0 LiveCoin Exchange Review by FXEmpire - YouTube] (Jun 4, 2021)</ref>

	[https://www.theblockcrypto.com/linked/91581/russian-crypto-exchange-livecoin-shutting-down-after-claimed-attack-loss Russian crypto exchange Livecoin is shutting down after a claimed attack that caused a $3.3 million loss to users] (Jun 4)		<ref name="theblockcrypto-1117">[https://www.theblockcrypto.com/linked/91581/russian-crypto-exchange-livecoin-shutting-down-after-claimed-attack-loss Russian crypto exchange Livecoin is shutting down after a claimed attack that caused a $3.3 million loss to users] (Jun 4, 2021)</ref>

	[https://www.facebook.com/livecoin.net/ Livecoin Facebook Page] (Jun 4)		<ref name="facebook-1118">[https://www.facebook.com/livecoin.net/ Livecoin Facebook Page] (Jun 4, 2021)</ref>

	[https://www.reddit.com/r/CryptoCurrency/comments/kjjpdc/livecoinnet_hacked/ Livecoin.net hacked! : CryptoCurrency] (Jun 4)		<ref name="reddit-1119">[https://www.reddit.com/r/CryptoCurrency/comments/kjjpdc/livecoinnet_hacked/ Livecoin.net hacked! : CryptoCurrency] (Jun 4, 2021)</ref>

	[https://www.reddit.com/r/CryptoCurrency/comments/kje2qc/warning_btc_reached_142_000_usd_on_livecoinnet/ WARNING: BTC reached 142 000 USD on Livecoin.net BTC/ETH withdrawals halted : CryptoCurrency] (Jun 4)		<ref name="reddit-1120">[https://www.reddit.com/r/CryptoCurrency/comments/kje2qc/warning_btc_reached_142_000_usd_on_livecoinnet/ WARNING: BTC reached 142 000 USD on Livecoin.net BTC/ETH withdrawals halted : CryptoCurrency] (Jun 4, 2021)</ref>

	[https://hacked.slowmist.io/en/?c=Exchange SlowMist Hacked - SlowMist Zone] (Jun 25)		<ref name="slowmisthacked-1160">[https://hacked.slowmist.io/en/?c=Exchange SlowMist Hacked - SlowMist Zone] (Jun 25, 2021)</ref></references>